sewer collector
Sewer networks, pumping stations and facilities for the treatment of workshop effluents located on the industrial site belong to the so-called on-site sewerage system of this enterprise.
The phenol-free effluent flows continuously through a gravity collector through a switching chamber into a receiving tank lined with an acid-resistant material. The level of effluents in the chambers is determined visually.
Scheme of a sewage treatment plant for complete cleaning with a capacity of 150 ml. day.
Wastewater flows through a gravity collector into receiving wells, where 2NF vertical pumps are installed, supplying them to a two-tiered sump. From there, the waste goes to biological filters, placed in the form of a semicircle 4–6 m wide around a two-tiered sump.
When determining the diameter of pipes of gravity collectors, it is assumed that the velocity of the fluid flow is from 0 25 to 0 70 m / s, which exceeds the critical weighing speed and eliminates the appearance of clogging and stratified modes.
Within the built-up part of the city, the main collectors are routed along city roads. Hydraulic calculation of the main collector.
When hydraulically calculating gravity collectors with a diameter of more than 500 mm, it is recommended to take into account local resistance at turns, when flows merge, in cases where the diameter of the connection is at least 350 mm, and also in the presence of drops on the main collector.
When laying out the route of gravity collectors, the leveling of permanent benchmarks must be carried out with an accuracy not lower than III, and pressure ones - not lower than IV category. Temporary benchmarks should be installed along the route, connected by leveling moves with permanent benchmarks.
The hierarchy of urban sewer networks is as follows:
yard and intra-quarter networks with a diameter of 150-200 mm, which are built on the building site within the red lines, that is, without going outside the streets:
street collectors with a diameter of 250-400 mm, which are built, on the contrary, behind the red building lines, that is, along the territory of the streets (they may have pumping stations);
district collectors with a diameter of 500-1000 mm, which are built for the sewerage area (they may have pumping stations);
urban collector with a diameter of 1000-5000 mm, which is built along the city along its lowest part (it has pumping stations).
On sewer networks, manholes are constructed from reinforced concrete rings with a diameter of 1 meter (up to 6 meters deep) and 1.5 meters (up to 6 meters deep). The step of the wells is taken according to SNiP 2.04.03-85.
To fully understand the importance of this indicator, it is enough to know the prices for 200 mm pipes used in gravity structures and 80 mm pipes used for arranging sewer systems
- Simplicity and speed of installation. Since the pressure sewer does not use a lot of trenches and overflow wells, the speed of construction of such a system will be much higher.
- Long service life. Standard pipelines can last at least 50 years without any problems.
Pumping stations usually have a 30-year warranty. Of course, problems can arise, and they do, but they are rarely critical: as a rule, minor mechanisms that can be easily repaired fail.
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storm sewer collector
English-Russian Dictionary of Technical Terms. 2005 .
See what a "storm sewer collector" is in other dictionaries:
storm sewer collector - - Topics energy in general EN storm sewer ... Technical translator's guide
SEWER DRAINAGE COLLECTOR - a collector for collecting and discharging sewage from a storm sewer network (Bulgarian; Bulgarian) drained sewer collector (Czech; Čeština) dešťový kanalizační sběrač (German; Deutsch) Abwassersammelkanal (Hungarian ... ... Construction Dictionary
sewer drain collector - A collector for collecting and discharging sewage from a storm sewer network Topics water supply and sewerage in general EN storm sewerstormwater sewer DE ... ... Technical translator's guide
Kamenka (river, flows into the Sea of Japan) - This term has other meanings, see Kamenka. Kamenka Upper Kamenka Characteristic Length ... Wikipedia
Samorodinka (river) - Samorodinka Valley of the Samorodinka River Characteristic Length 7 km Basin area 11 km² ... Wikipedia
Flon (river) - Flon fr. Flon Upper reaches of the Flon ... Wikipedia
Igumenka (river, Chelyabinsk region) - This term has other meanings, see Igumenka. Igumenka is a small river in the city of Chelyabinsk, 9 km long, the right tributary of the Miass River, almost completely enclosed in a collector. In the open state, it flows from ... ... Wikipedia
Collector wave - Collector wave is the phenomenon of the occurrence of a large flow of water in the collectors of underground rivers and streams during a rainstorm. It is connected with the fact that storm sewer systems are usually connected to the collectors of underground reservoirs. Therefore, during ... ... Wikipedia
Underground passages of Minsk - The building of the Republican Prosecutor's Office on the site of the former church of St. Wojciech There are not so many historical dungeons in Minsk, mainly in the historical center in the district ... Wikipedia
dic.academic.ru
Sewer collector device
A sewer collector is a system of pipes and pipelines designed to divert sewage and drains to a collection point, which is usually a reservoir or simply a cesspool. This is the most standard sewer well device, however, there are other, more complex, but also more practical, airtight and non-toxic soils. Absolutely all types can be equipped with your own hands, you only need to invest finances and labor costs.
Methods for arranging a sewer collector
It should be noted right away that this is not a heating collector, but another device, which is a pipeline from a system of pipes laid in trenches. Sometimes a sewer structure is called a channel, and this way it will become clearer what a sewer collector is and why it is needed.
An ordinary cesspool is a device that receives all drains. At the same time, the pit can be equipped literally in a matter of hours, simply by pulling out a foundation pit on the site, overlaying it with brick or something else, as shown in the photo. At the same time, one must not forget that the drain must be cleaned with a sewer.
A septic tank is another option for collecting sewage and drains. As shown in the photo, this is a sealed design, where the piping system fits, transporting drains from plumbing fixtures. Such a device requires some preparatory work, but the general principle is the same: a pit is dug where the tank is mounted, drain pipelines are connected to it, and then the sewer collector is put into operation.
Sewer installation
The collector device is shown at the stage of laying the foundation. The process is simple and does not take much time:
- Below the freezing point of the soil, a trench is being dug for the pipeline,
- A sand cushion (thickness up to 20 cm) is laid at the bottom of the trench, rammed,
- Pipes are placed on top.For a gravity sewer system, the pipeline is installed with a slope towards the collector tank. The maximum slope size is 2 cm per 1 m of pipe,
- The pipeline is insulated
- The tightness of the joints of the elements is checked by filling the structure with water,
- The trench is buried, the outlet of the pipeline is first lowered into the pit or connected to the septic tank, as shown in the photo.
The system is mounted in pressure structures, equipped in the case when gravity sewerage is not possible for installation for one reason or another. Pressure sewerage consists of a tank for collecting wastewater, a pipeline. The line of pipes laid in trenches rises as it approaches the effluent tank, and to keep the flows from stagnating, the sewer collector is equipped with a pump. Such a system provides ease of laying sewers on any terrain and helps to increase the cleanliness of the system as much as possible.
The sewer collector is an important part of the sewerage system, without which it is impossible to equip an autonomous structure. Therefore, the arrangement of the pipeline and reservoir requires care and patience.
Pressure sewerage device from pipes
The main element of the pressure sewer is the SPS (sewer pressure station). The sewage pumping station collects all drains located in the internal pipelines of the building.
By the force of a powerful pump, waste is transported to the place of their disposal. The pumping station works as an accumulator, but only up to a certain level (in more detail: "Sewage pumping station KNS - the principle of operation and types of installation").
If such a distance cannot be ensured for one reason or another, or if the sewer pipes must be laid above the water pipes, then protective measures must be applied. Such measures may include laying a water supply system from steel pipes or sewage from cast iron pipes, laying a water pipe in a protective case with a length of at least 5 meters in each direction from the intersection in clay soils and 10 m in filtering ones.
If the sewer collector crosses the walls of tunnels, chambers, basements, etc., it must be enclosed in a case, the ends of which are brought out 0.2 m from the outer plane of such walls. The vertical distance between the sewer pipe and other communications intersected in the tunnel is at least 0.15 m. [.
The reasons may be different:
• if there is no non-pressure sewerage for tie-in nearby, pressure collectors pass nearby, and water discharge into non-pressure networks is not possible; • if the organization of a natural slope is not possible due to the large distance to a non-pressure collector; • if the water intake point is located at a great depth; • if laying a gravity sewer is expensive or troublesome.
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Sewer collector
Great Soviet Encyclopedia. — M.: Soviet Encyclopedia. 1969-1978 .
See what a "sewer collector" is in other dictionaries:
sewer collector - sewer collector The pipeline of the external sewer network for collecting and discharging sewage. sewer collector Section of the external sewerage network for collecting and discharging wastewater from one or more pools ... ... Technical translator's guide
Sewer collector - - a pipeline of an external sewer network for collecting and discharging sewage. Sewer collector A section of an external sewerage network for collecting and discharging wastewater from one or more sewage pools. ... ... Encyclopedia of terms, definitions and explanations of building materials
Collector (sewer) - Collector of the Neglinka River in Moscow This term has other meanings, see Collector. The collector is the main channel of the drainage network.Imagine ... Wikipedia
sewer collector - 3.9 sewer collector: A pipeline of an external sewer network for collecting and discharging sewage. Source ... Glossary-reference book of terms of regulatory and technical documentation
SEWER COLLECTOR - a section of an external sewerage network for collecting and discharging sewage from one or more sewerage basins (Bulgarian; Bulgarian) sewer collector (Czech; Čeština) kanalizační sběrač (German; Deutsch) Sammler ... ... Building Dictionary
basin sewer collector - A collector designed to collect and discharge wastewater from the sewer network of one sewer pool Topics water supply and sewerage in general EN ... ... Technical translator's guide
sewer drain collector - A collector for collecting and discharging sewage from a storm sewer network Topics water supply and sewerage in general EN storm sewerstormwater sewer DE ... ... Technical translator's guide
main sewer collector - A collector that collects wastewater from two or more pool sewer collectors Topics water supply and sewerage in general EN main sewer DE ... ... Technical translator's guide
suburban sewer collector - A collector that discharges wastewater in transit outside the city to pumping stations, treatment facilities or to a place of release into water bodies Topics water supply and ... ... Technical translator's guide
sewer unloading collector - A collector laid in the system of an existing sewer network to unload existing collectors that do not have the required throughput Topics ... Technical translator's guide
dic.academic.ru
The design and advantages of fiberglass rainwater sewer collectors manufactured by Flotenk
The company "Flotenk" for the production of storm collectors uses a composite material such as fiberglass. It is thanks to its excellent characteristics that these containers perform the tasks assigned to them in the best possible way.
First of all, it should be said that fiberglass collectors for collecting rainwater in terms of their strength characteristics, resistance to static and dynamic mechanical loads significantly exceed those produced by other companies made of plastics (usually polypropylene), and are almost as good as metal ones.
These collectors have a very small mass, which facilitates their transportation, handling, and installation.
The sewer collector is all about the main element in the sewer system
Today it is difficult to imagine the appearance of modern cities if all wastewater was not discharged by the sewer system. Without its development, installing a toilet inside a residential building would not have been possible. As a result, the device of the sewer system is one of the most important tasks in the construction of a multi-storey, private house or country cottage. The sewer collector unites the entire system.
Problems of runoff management in cities
Every house, enterprise, public institution needs drinking and technical water, which forms wastewater. The internal sewer system is connected to the street sewer, except when the drains are treated by individual treatment plants.
A slope is always provided for draining, so it is not difficult to connect the sanitary equipment of the building to the public sewer network. But in cities it often happens that the room is below the level at which the sewer is located, and there is no free flow. If it is not actively filled, then it is not possible to remove drains from such premises.However, if the collector is subject to heavy filling, backwater occurs, which leads to flooding by the reverse flow of water.
To solve this problem, a check valve is used, which protects the room from flooding. Also in the low-lying areas of the city, a pressure sewer is used, which can more efficiently receive wastewater. You can install individual pumps that improve the removal of wastewater from low areas of the city.
Note! For these purposes, it is recommended to use pumps operating independently.
Pump - help for drowning people
The problem of sewerage supply is acute for residents of private houses. Let's figure out how to do this and connect to the output of the collector. This is the main task if the house does not have individual treatment facilities. For houses located on a hill, everything is very simple: a sewerage supply is made with access to the street communication network, and the waste falls into them by gravity. It is more difficult if the house is below the level of the collector. Then it is necessary to make a pressure sewer with a pump.
Two types of pipes are used for such sewage:
- Polyvinyl chloride (PVC),
- Polyethylene (PE).
Pipes up to 90 mm in diameter are delivered in coils, which reduces installation time. The pumping station can be located both inside the house and outside. The pump can function for a long time without overheating, thanks to a reliable design that gives the device greater durability.
Note! In a reliable pump, all parts are made of high-strength steel, only this can serve as a guarantee of its quality.
Principle of operation
In order for all the waste to fall into the collector, a well-executed sewerage connection is necessary, only this guarantees a reliable discharge of wastewater. The correct system functions as follows: all waste is transferred to a special sealed container, then it is crushed by a pump and pumped into a sewage treatment plant and a collector.
Important! Designing a pressure sewer is a complex undertaking, so it is better to contact a specialist. The diameter of the pipes for such a system is 32 millimeters, and their thickness is calculated so that the flow rate is no more than 0.7 meters per second
When this speed is reached, the self-cleaning system of sewer pipes comes into play.
The diameter of the pipes for such a system is 32 millimeters, and their thickness is calculated so that the flow rate is no more than 0.7 meters per second. When this speed is reached, the self-cleaning system of sewer pipes comes into play.
Benefits of pressure sewerage:
- Less excavation work
- Due to the use of less material at longer distances, the cost becomes lower,
- Reduced installation time
- The service life of such a system is expected to be 50 years.
Types of wells and installation sites
The main task of wells is to control the general condition of systems.
Not so long ago, only concrete was used to create wells.
Such reinforced concrete products as rings, manhole covers, bottoms, which are currently produced in large quantities, are used in the installation of high-capacity storm sewers.
In private houses, they made cesspools with their own hands, digging holes with a certain depth. After that, the walls were lined with bricks and waterproofed.
To date, concrete wells have faded into the background, giving all the laurels into the hands of plastic or fiberglass products. In addition, the designers of these manholes have made a huge range of sizes, and this is very popular with designers when creating modern manholes.
Well - a closed cylindrical vertical working chamber with embedded inlet and outlet pipes for the purpose of joining the storm sewer pipe system.
Also, the well has a viewing window or a technological hatch that allows you to go down in order to control the sewerage system.
Another advantage of plastic wells is their ability to assemble and disassemble.
Revision wells in accordance with SNiP 2.04.03-85 must be installed:
- At the confluence of two or more water streams.
- At points where the direction of the sewer changes.
- In places where the slope of the pipes varies.
- At points where a transition is made from pipes of the same diameter to other pipes of different diameters.
- On straight sections - at certain distances, depending on the diameter of the sewer pipe, for example:
- DN up to 150 mm - 35 m;
- DN 500-600 mm - 75 m, etc.
- DN 200-450 mm - 50 m
The dimensions of the pipes used will determine the size of the diameter and height of the well.
In order to reduce hydraulic resistance in rotary type wells, inserts are often used - these are gutters with a guiding function that provide a trouble-free passage of water flow in the required direction.
Wells are a very important element in cleaning up the collection of storm sewer water.
Cleaning the well cavity is much easier than cleaning storm sewers, flushing clogged or silty pipes.
For special drop wells, it is required to change the depth of the sewer pipes.
In this situation, the location of the outlet pipe of the desired diameter must be higher than the inlet.
This is relevant if it is necessary to reduce the depth of sewer pipes being laid or to bypass underground obstacles. The installation of storm sewers at an industrial facility involves exceptional post-treatment of the water flow until it is taken into a reservoir or field with filtration.
In this case, specialized wells are equipped to take samples for the content of chemical components or suspended petroleum products in the water. They are installed after local stormwater treatment facilities in front of the outlet collector.
Collectors-accumulators for storm sewers
No matter how branched the storm sewer project is, as a rule, it is “tied up” at a single specific spillway point.
So, water flows are collected in one single channel or reduced to one reservoir. This in-depth technical plumbing equipment is called a collector.
The collector can be a pipe made of reinforced concrete or polymeric material, which is located horizontally. Pipelines from all areas of water collection should cut into it.
If the collected water requires additional purification, then special filters of various types of purification should be placed on the collector.
After that, the water is diverted to drainage fields or discharged into reservoirs.
It is often more profitable to divert water to closed collectors than to dump it. Closed collectors are sealed products with one chamber and the ability to purify water.
If you use a closed cycle on the storm sewer system, you can achieve decent water savings. This technique is used in industrial enterprises (such as, for example, car washes).
In a private home, such a technique can bring a lot of advantages. As a rule, storm water in these situations is not polluted and after purification steps in sand traps for storm sewers, as well as after settling in closed collectors, this water can be used for domestic or agricultural purposes. In order to economically use storm water for these purposes, it is enough to install a submersible pump.
Often, the above large wells are used instead of a collector. They can still collect rainwater and divert it to discharge points.
v-dom-voda.ru
Sewer collector and other elements of the city sewerage system
Most people who are far from plumbing know only that the vertical pipe in the bathroom is called a riser, and the sewer is something incomprehensible hiding in the wells. Today we are going to get acquainted with the device of the sewage system - from intra-apartment wiring to treatment facilities. So let's get started.
One of the exhibits of the Sewerage Museum in Paris is a section of an old sewer.
Intra-house system
Let's start with the part of the wastewater disposal system that is within the walls of the house.
What is a sewer comb?
This is what is called internal wiring. It got its name for the shape characteristic of apartments with an adjacent bathroom and kitchen: three outlets on a horizontal pipe (under the kitchen sink, washbasin and bathtub) really look like a comb.
In the last century, until about the 80s, the traditional material for the comb was cast-iron pipes and cast-iron cuts. The bell joints were minted with a cable (organic fiber with antiseptic impregnation) and smeared with cement mortar. Less often, sealing of joints was used by pouring with molten sulfur.
Please note: when dismantling such connections with your own hands, you have to warm them up with a hairdryer, burner or blowtorch. Work is performed only in a gas mask or respirator
The instruction is related to the fact that the fumes are extremely caustic: they can cause respiratory paralysis.
In houses built at the end of the last century, one-piece PVC combs predominate. In current new buildings, the sewerage inside the apartments is mounted mainly from the same PVC pipes, but now it has become a prefabricated one and is performed on socket joints with rubber ring seals. Along with PVC, polypropylene and, somewhat less frequently, polyethylene are used.
Modern plastic comb.
The combs, located one above the other apartments, are connected by a sewer riser. The evolution of the materials used was somewhat shorter than in the previous case: from cast-iron risers, the builders immediately switched to prefabricated plastic ones.
The riser is supplied with revisions - hatches for clearing sewer blockages.
Prefabricated riser with a revision for clearing blockages.
The location of the revisions is normalized, they must be present:
- On the first floor of the building
- Upstairs,
- If the building has more than five storeys - every three floors.
From above, the risers are open, thus ventilation of the sewer is provided. It is permissible to combine several risers with a common fan (ventilation) outlet.
Sewer bed - a horizontal pipe that combines several risers and passes into the outlet to the well. Its laying is carried out with a constant slope along the entire length in the direction of the flow of drains. Counter-clones are unacceptable: they will become places of constant blockages.
