Horizontal directional drilling. Trenchless lining. GNB works. HDD methods.
In practice, a road puncture (or a puncture under the road) is performed for the following communication systems:
- electric cable;
- gas pipeline;
- sewerage;
- water pipes.
It can also be used for all types of plastic and steel pipes used in the construction of utilities.
- into an established well;
- from the well to the basement of the house;
- from a well to another well;
- in the basement of the house.
The diameter of any installed well should not be less than one and a half meters.
Methods for laying pipes during a road puncture
Focusing on various conditions, in particular the type of soil, according to the WEP and the Construction Management Project, working pipes or cases are laid in two ways: open and closed. HDPE and steel pipes are laid by microtunnelling, auger driving, case punching with simultaneous excavation, pneumatic punch, controlled puncture, soil puncture.
Repair of various sewer networks
Laying networks and installation work
The sewerage system plays a huge role in creating optimal conditions for the functioning of any object. By design, the sewerage of buildings is divided into external and internal systems.
External sewerage is an autonomous fecal sewage treatment system or laying sewer pipes and inserting them into centralized sewerage systems. The choice of a specific tie-in location is often considered a difficult moment during the construction of engineering networks, so the laying of external sewerage is always entrusted to professional specialists.
When designing and installing sewer networks, only qualified specialists work who competently design complex pipe laying systems. This takes into account the slopes of the pipeline, the type of pipes, the amount of wastewater and other important factors that can affect the trouble-free operation of the sewer system.
In the project, specialists determine the places for laying pipes, ventilation openings and more. The process of laying and installing sewerage is carried out in accordance with the approved project. External networks from the exit from the building to the location of the treatment plant are called external sewage.
The installation of external sewerage consists of all structures, from wells, courtyards and quarters to main networks.
During installation, additional equipment for external sewerage and a method for discharging treated wastewater are selected depending on the estimated amount of wastewater to be treated, as well as the properties, level and composition of the soils where the sewage system is installed.
Usually, when installing such a sewer, the pipeline is laid at a depth of at least 50 cm from the surface of the earth.
Properly carried out installation of the sewerage network (external) is the key to the successful functioning of the system.
Before work, before laying pipes, you should make sure that the marks are verified by experts with the utmost accuracy. Failure to comply with slopes when installing sewers will lead to backflow or silting of pipelines
During installation, specialists pay special attention to the pipe connection, which must be perfect in order to avoid leaks.
Sewer pipes are carried out in a wide variety of soils, therefore all terrain properties are taken into account. Installation of sewer pipes is carried out in concrete, earth and wall
Pipes are also laid through different ceilings, so the specialist pays attention to the condition of the soil and other terrain features.
Sewerage network design
MosInzhService will qualitatively and promptly develop and carry out the Approval of Sewerage Network Projects according to approved technical specifications or according to the customer's technical assignment.
MosInzhService carries out a full range of necessary work on the development of competent Project documentation.
Preparation and approval by the company of the Design Assignment consists of:
- Development of sections of the Design Assignment, includes technological, according to approved standards;
- Approval of the Design Assignment by the GlavAPU (approved by the Chief Architect of the District), the Prefecture (approved by the Head of the District Administration), the Customer, the Chief Engineer.
The collection of documentation required for the design consists of:
- Obtaining engineering geological surveys;
- Obtaining engineering and geodetic surveys;
- Design implementation of the Specifications;
- Obtaining a Technical Conclusion, which indicates the state of sewerage networks during redevelopment, reconstruction, re-equipment and overhaul of the facility.
When developing the necessary project documentation, the company's specialists take into account:
- Customer's wishes;
- Requirements for the Project of the Water Supply Organization, based on the vast experience of Network Design, Document Coordination and Sewerage Construction;
- The necessary optimization of the Sewerage Project, a method is being developed for laying various sewerage networks, which will save the Customer's costs;
- The price of quality sewerage.
Laying pipelines under the road
Laying pipelines under the road
Along the route, pipelines often encounter various obstacles. It can be roads, sidewalks, railway tracks, reservoirs. The passage of these obstacles requires special technical measures. Previously, laying pipelines along complex sections was quite problematic. It was necessary to destroy the canvas, prepare trenches, restore the canvas again. All this required additional costs, both material and labor. Now, with the advent of trenchless laying techniques, it has become easier to run pipelines under obstacles. Also, such work has become safer for the engineering and utility structures themselves.
When a pipeline meets roads or railways, several key techniques are used to ensure its safe passage. It can be:
- directional drilling. Often referred to as HDD in practice;
- the destruction of the pipe with the laying of a new one. If there is already a pipeline under the obstruction and it needs to be replaced.
The first 2 methods are convenient for new pipelines, the latter is recommended when repairing existing networks. In general, the choice of the technical side is carried out by professionals based on a preliminary assessment of the area. Also take into account those the norms of the pipeline itself, its transmission capacity, length, loads, etc.
No matter how you choose, all of these methods are efficient and easy to implement. Trenchless laying involves the most modern equipment, made according to the latest standards. The most commonly used installations are drilling, hydraulic, pneumatic. The latter use a stream of highly compressed air as a labor force.
Despite the fact that trenchless technologies seem to be quite simple and easy to organize, it is better to trust such work exclusively to professional teams. In this case, the customer will have confidence that all aspects of the methods will be observed, and the laid engineering systems will function properly. Units for the implementation of work can be purchased at CJSC "SI".
Errors in design and preliminary assessment when laying pipelines using the puncture method under the road can lead to serious consequences. These can be soil blockages, violations of the integrity of the canvas, subsidence of soil and asphalt, etc.Considering that with trenchless techniques, movement along the segment is not stopped, this can be dangerous for drivers
Therefore, when carrying out work, it is so important to competently carry out geological exploration, decide on the choice of methodology, and foresee all possible difficulties.
On the side of the units for puncturing under the road, relatively small dimensions, mobility, and productivity. They can carry out SMP even in confined spaces. Due to this property, they have earned the increased interest of many companies abroad. Domestic contractors also note the advantages of these methods. It is gratifying that not only in large cities, but also in the regions have switched to the side of trenchless laying.
Allocate the use of the puncture technique for household needs. By puncturing with the help of pneumatic technology or drilling, it is possible to carry out house water supply networks, sewerage, start underground electrical networks in protective tubes and communication networks. The small size of HDD and piercing units will help here as well. Units can be freely placed in the courtyard of the house or on a narrow street. Moreover, the risk of damage to any objects during such work is minimal.
There are methods when the placement of the pipe after drilling or puncture may differ. For example, it can be immediately hammered into the ground, form a plugged end, dragged in, followed by excavation of the soil that has fallen out of it. The choice is made based on the proposed conditions and features of construction and installation works.
With the use of trenchless laying units, it is possible not only to form new pipelines, but also to repair and clean existing ones. The equipment will cope even with complex blockages, and repairs with its help can be carried out several times faster.
Road puncture main features
Puncture under the road (or puncture of the road) by horizontal drilling. Its advantages and features.
The laying of engineering communications must be carried out according to the requirements listed below. However, its advantages are quite obvious.
- Firstly, if there is a high content of groundwater, there is no need to lower the water level when performing punctures under the HDD road.
- Secondly, the cost of work and their execution time are reduced. Compared to pipe laying by other trenchless methods, such laying takes on average 40% less time. The horizontal drilling method does not require an additional starter pit with a retaining wall. Also, if a steel pipe with a diameter of DN = 500 mm is laid by the horizontal method, then the cost of this method is from 9 to 14 thousand rubles, which is 2-2.5 times less than with the auger driving method.
In particular, the horizontal directional drilling method includes a direct analysis of the situation, carried out on the project itself, based on the project documentation (profile, plan). Consideration should be given to the possibility of laying by the method of horizontal puncture of HDPE or steel pipe.
If the pipe diameter is up to 800mm, the HDD laying method can also be used, which requires the following conditions to be met:
- a pre-prepared place at the entry trench for the location of the pipe, preferably its entire length. At the same time, the located operating communications should not interfere with the implementation of the technological move to the first pit;
- pre-prepared place for drilling equipment. Usually, the site is arranged along a length of more than 6 meters, taking into account the possibility of building a lead-in trench.
Cases under the road. Features of their purpose and application
Cases are designed to protect pipelines during punctures under railways, highways, tram and railway tracks, local driveways and other additional underground utilities. It should be taken into account that the diameter of the case should be 150-250 mm larger than the diameter of the pipeline.The entire annular space should be packed with cement-sand mortar (grade M100). The case provides protection of the pipeline from loads from transport, ground pressure, undesirable effects of other communications.
Road puncture in the city
In a city, especially in its historically significant area or in the center, the laying of pipelines is socially significant. Therefore, closed pipe-laying under roads is the ideal way to withstand the pressure of heavy traffic of cars, public transport and pedestrians.
Puncture of the road within the boundaries of the cottage settlement
In any cottage settlement, a road puncture is an ideal solution for laying not only a pipeline, but also other additional communications. At the same time, the order in the landscaped area and the landscape is not violated. Using the HDD puncture method, it is possible to successfully lay such communications as a gas pipeline, sewerage, water supply, low-voltage and high-voltage cables, lighting cables. At the same time, traffic on the highway, the entrance to residential areas is not blocked. Footpaths, sidewalks, dirt and asphalt roads, lawns remain intact.
Puncture under tram tracks and railway
Before starting work on the implementation of the puncture of the soil under the tram tracks or the railway, a PPR is developed which indicates which directional puncture installation will be used. The PPR is subsequently coordinated with such services as the Railway Administration, RCC NODH, FC, SHCh, and other railway services. After that, an agreement is concluded for the establishment of insurance packages, an agreement for technical supervision.
The work performed must meet the requirements of project documentation, specifications and agreed WEP.
Road piercing machines
The ideal way to lay several pipes or pipes with a diameter of 100 - 800mm under tram tracks or railways is to puncture HDD (horizontal directional drilling), for diameters from 500mm to 1300mm, auger rigs or horizontal auger drilling rigs (HSB) are used.
After the work has been completed, a set of all agreed documentation is submitted to the distance.
If you are interested in laying pipes under roads, puncture under the road, puncture by HDD method, pulling pipes under the road, laying pipes under the road using the puncture method, trenchless laying of pipes under the road, installing soil puncture, laying pipeline under the road without opening the soil - Call us, we are always happy to answer all your questions.
GESNr 65-08-02
Change of pipelines from polyethylene sewer pipes with a diameter of up to 100 mm
LOCAL RESOURCE STATEMENT GESNr 65-08-02
| Name | unit of measurement |
| Change of pipelines from polyethylene sewer pipes with a diameter of up to 100 mm | 100 m pipeline with fittings |
| Scope of work | |
| 01. Removing the fasteners. 02. Dismantling of old pipes and fittings. 04. Fitting, cutting a new set of pipes, if necessary. 05. Laying of pipes with fittings with sealing of sockets. 06. Installation of means of fastening for pipes. |
PRICE VALUES
The price lists the direct costs of the work for the period March 2014 for the city of Moscow, which are calculated on the basis of standards 2014 with additions 1 by applying indexes to the prices of the resources used. Indices applied to federal prices 2000.
The following indexes and hourly rates from the "Union of Estimators" were used:
Index to the cost of materials: 7,485
Index to the cost of cars: 11,643
Used hourly rates:
In parentheses are the wages per month at a given hourly rate.
Hourly rate of the 1st category: 130.23 rubles. at one o'clock (22 920) rub. per month.
Hourly rate 2 categories: 141.21 rubles. at one o'clock (24 853) rub. per month.
Hourly rate 3 categories: 154.46 rubles. at one o'clock (27 185) rub. per month.
Hourly rate 4 categories: 174.34 rubles. at one o'clock (30 684) rub. per month.
Hourly rate of the 5th category: 200.84 rubles. at one o'clock (35 348) rub.per month.
Hourly rate of the 6th category: 233.96 rubles. at one o'clock (41 177) rub. per month.
By clicking on this link, you can see this standard calculated in 2000 prices.
The basis for the use of the composition and consumption of materials, machines and labor costs are GESN-2001
LABOR
| № | Name | Unit Change | Labor costs |
| 1 | Labor costs of construction workers Category 4.2 | man-hour | 61,9 |
| 2 | Labor costs of machinists (for reference, included in the cost of EM) | man-hour | 0,2 |
| Total labor costs of workers | man-hour | 61,9 | |
| Wages of workers = 61.9 x 179.64 | Rub. | 11 119,72 | |
| Salary of machinists = 58.45 (for calculating invoices and profits) | Rub. | 58,45 |
How much does it cost to renovate an apartment. The cost of repairing an apartment per hour.
OPERATION OF MACHINES AND MECHANISMS
| № | Cipher | Name | Unit Change | Consumption | St-st unit Rub. | TotalRUB. |
| 1 | 030954 | Lifts with a carrying capacity of up to 500 kg, single mast, lifting height 45 m | mash.-h | 0,2 | 363,96 | 72,79 |
| 2 | 400001 | Cars onboard, carrying capacity up to 5 tons | mash.-h | 0,2 | 1014,92 | 202,98 |
| Total | Rub. | 275,78 |
CONSUMPTION OF MATERIALS
| № | Cipher | Name | Unit Change | Consumption | St-st unit Rub. | TotalRUB. |
| 1 | 101-2449 | Rubber rings for cast iron pressure pipes with a diameter of 50-300 mm | kg | 4 | 182,71 | 730,84 |
| 2 | 101-2576 | Bolts with nuts and washers for sanitary works with a diameter of 16 mm | T | 0,0027 | 111002,55 | 299,71 |
| 3 | 301-9240 | Mounts | kg | 0,00 | ||
| 4 | 302-1325 | Pipelines for internal sewerage made of PVC pipes with a diameter of 100 mm | m | 99,8 | 778,96 | 77 740,21 |
| 5 | 509-9900 | Construction garbage | T | 0,11 | 0,00 | |
| Total | Rub. | 78 770,75 |
TOTAL RESOURCES: RUB 79,046.53
TOTAL PRICE: RUB 90,166.25
You can see this standard calculated in 2000 prices. by following this link
The price was compiled according to the standards of GESN-2001 edition 2014 with additions 1 in prices March 2014.To determine the intermediate and final values of the price, the DefSmeta program was used
Estimate for the construction of a house, for the repair and decoration of apartments - the program DefSmeta
Program rentalThe program provides an assistant who will turn the budgeting into a game.
Installation of culverts under the road
The technology for arranging drainage channels under the road includes several stages:
- Pit preparation.
- Foundation pouring.
- Pipeline laying.
- Construction of a road embankment.
The creation of the pit is carried out in the traditional way:
- First, the top layer of soil is removed;
- The first stage is being developed;
- The operation is repeated at each ground level, up to the calculated depth.
The depth of the pit should not be less than the level of freezing of the soil in this region, otherwise the culvert system will simply become unusable due to the effect of swollen soil. To divert water from the pit, conventional drainage systems or pumps are used. This is an important point - water supply channels most often pass through wet areas, so you need to take care of a high-quality drainage system that will allow the structure to function normally.
