Ways to achieve ideal parameters
However, not all ventilation increases air humidity. The colder the air, the less moisture it contains, so ventilation during the cold season may not always help maintain optimal indoor air humidity. In order to create optimal conditions for children, it is necessary, first of all, to have a thermometer and a hygrometer in each room. Kindergarten staff should monitor their readings.
The air temperature must remain optimal, then the air humidity will not fall too much. Additionally, you can increase the humidity with the help of a humidifier - a special device that saturates the air with water. Preference should be given to ultrasonic devices, steam humidifiers do not cause the approval of specialists. It is desirable to limit the access of air to the radiators, for this they should be closed with a special screen or casing.
It is not always possible to maintain ideal air parameters. However, it is worth striving for the greatest correspondence between the real and recommended indicators, the closer the real indicators are to the reference ones, the lower the incidence in the institution.
How to correctly draw up an agreement on heating a kindergarten and how to act for management in the event of interruptions in heat supply - we tell in the article. We will give an answer, which heating systems to choose for kindergartens.
On the issues of providing heating in kindergarten, the head interacts, first of all, with local governments or with heat supply organizations that, on behalf of these bodies, provide heat supply services on the territory of the municipal educational institution.
SanPin for kindergartens with changes in 2018
The respiratory system of a child is much less perfect than that of an adult. Therefore, measures to create a favorable respiratory environment in the music hall are of fundamental importance: ventilation and wet cleaning.
In necessary cases, with the permission of the executive committees of local Soviets of People's Deputies, duty groups may be opened in preschool institutions on Sundays and holidays. 5. Kindergartens should be designed for one, two, four, six, eight, twelve and fourteen groups with the number of places, respectively, no more than 25, 50, 95, 140, 190, 280, and 330 places.
I want to immediately calm the worried parents. The work of kindergartens in 2019 is impossible without compliance with sanitary and epidemiological requirements.
Thus, dry air can lead to asthma and other unpleasant diseases in a child.
Giving their child into the hands of a kindergarten teacher in 2019, all parents, and especially mothers, are very worried. And how will they take care of their beloved baby? Is there ventilation in the rooms? Does the premise of the kindergarten meet sanitary and hygienic requirements? At what time intervals is quartzing and general cleaning done?
It is allowed to use a group bed for organizing sleep using pull-out beds or folding beds with a hard bed.
Window and door devices, platbands, boxes, frames, door panels, glass, handles, brakes, hinges, fanlight devices must be in perfect condition and function properly.
Exhaust openings of the central exhaust system should be located in the upper part of the wall, two for each group room, kitchen, lobby and hall, and one for latrines, pantries, doctor's office and other areas of the kindergarten.Each exhaust opening must be equipped with special shutters to control the outflow of air from the premises.
The group cell includes: a dressing room (reception) (for receiving children and storing outerwear), a group cell (for playing games, classes and eating), a bedroom, a pantry (for preparing ready-made meals for distribution and washing tableware), a toilet ( combined with a washroom).
By the way, the situation returned to normal very quickly, and now in Nastya's group the average air temperature is 22 degrees. The teachers themselves note that being in the room has become much more comfortable.
You can either call them or file a written complaint. You can write in electronic form from the website of the department of Rospotrebnadzor in your region.
Water supply and sewerage in children's and adolescent institutions
Buildings for children and teenagers
institutions should be equipped with running water, have hot water supply and
sewerage.
In non-sewered areas
children's institutions should be equipped with internal sewerage, provided
devices of local treatment facilities. Water quality must meet
sanitary requirements for drinking water in accordance with
current GOST 2874-82 “Drinking water. Hygiene requirements and control
for water quality.
In the nursery-gardens with day care
stay, water consumption is taken at the rate of 75 liters per day per child, with
round-the-clock stay of children - 100 l; at school - 15-20 liters, at a boarding school -
70-95 liters per person, excluding water consumption in the dining room and laundry.
In Kindergarten
institutions, hot water is required in the kitchen, laundry room, playroom 1st
groups of early age, pantry and toilet of all groups. In winter to the souls and
washbasins should be supplied with a temperature of 37-60 ° C.
Sanitary
equipment in educational institutions is presented in table. 21.
Table 21
equipment in children's and teenage institutions
In schools and boarding schools
cold water supply is provided to the sinks of laboratories; chemistry,
physics and biology; to washbasins in classrooms of 1-4 grades and in
rooms for an extended day; to flush cisterns in bathrooms. Cold and hot
water is supplied to washbasins in drawing and fine arts rooms,
(informatics and electronic computing technology, club rooms and military
office; workshops, teachers' room, catering department; for showers and bathtubs, etc.
hot water temperature,
coming to the mixers of appliances should not exceed 60 ° C. For schools,
boarding schools and boarding schools at schools built in non-sewered
areas, it is allowed, the device of warm toilets of the cesspool type, connected
with the building through a double vestibule.
In v IV Climatic region,
as well as in rural areas, a device is allowed
separate toilets
cesspool type. Outdoor latrines are made with waterproof cesspools.
pits. They are located at a distance of at least 25 m from housing and industrial
buildings, 50 m from water sources. Outhouse walls and roof
must be without gaps, the floors must be stable, the doors tightly fitted and
self-closing; Restrooms must have
exhaust pipe with a deflector at the top, natural and artificial lighting.
The opening for natural light must be covered with fine mesh. Toilets equip
at the rate of 1 point for 15-20 people.
Garbage and kitchen waste
collected in enameled or galvanized buckets with lids, and then poured into
garbage cans or cesspools. The cesspools are made waterproof of stone,
bricks, concrete blocks on a cement binder. Hatches for cleaning cesspools
supplied with well-fitting double lids with a padlock.
The compost heap is placed on
the territory of the household Yard near the agricultural plot.
Other articles from the section "Chapter 9. Hygienic requirements for planning, improvement of children's and adolescent institutions":
· Layout of children's and teenage institutions in the city and countryside· Hygienic requirements for the building of children's and adolescent institutions· Lighting in children's and teenage institutions· Air-thermal regime in children's and adolescent institutions > · Water supply and sewerage in children's and adolescent institutions· Sanitary maintenance of the site and premises of children's and adolescent institutions· Hygienic principles for planning out-of-school institutions
← + Ctrl + → Forward >>
Temperature regime in kindergarten according to SanPiN
I think it's cold there. And the administration claims that the temperature is normal, just a sick child. Is there an objective temperature criterion in children's institutions? Tamara Varfolomeeva, Moscow There are "Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the device, content and organization of the working hours in preschool organizations" SanPiN 2. Appendix N 3 to these rules regulates the required air temperature values for the main premises of preschool educational institutions. For example, in the reception, play and toilet rooms of nursery groups, the temperature of the degree should be maintained, in younger preschool groups - in the bedrooms of nursery and preschool groups -, in halls for music and gymnastics -, in halls with a pool - at least 29, in locker rooms with showers and pools - in medical facilities - degrees. In winter, the floor temperature in group rooms located on the first floors should be at least 22 degrees. In addition, the rules stipulate that the glazing of windows must be made of solid glass, while the replacement of broken glass must be carried out immediately.
Walking time in the preschool along SANPIN
The regime in kindergarten is the same for all children.
Therefore, if at home you are accustomed to sleeping until dinner, not putting your child to sleep and eating when you want, then before entering a preschool institution, you need to bring the home daily routine as close as possible to the regime in kindergarten. This will help the child in the adaptation period.
Usually three-year-olds easily endure adaptation to kindergarten. At this age, they are already ready to communicate with their peers and other adults and gain new knowledge.
Being brought up at home, the child does not receive the necessary social interaction.
In addition, in kindergarten, classes with a child are carried out according to a special program corresponding to his age characteristics.
In a peer group, it is much easier for a child to learn to communicate or gain self-care skills by looking at other children.
And in order for your child to endure the adaptation period even easier, you need to accustom him to the regime in 2-3 months. At home, it is very difficult to follow a strict daily routine.
The mode in different kindergartens may differ, but its principle is the same everywhere.
Approximate daily routine in kindergarten
A constant in the daily routine is eating and sleeping. The walk depends on weather conditions and time of year. If the weather is bad, games or classes are held at this time. In some kindergartens there is also a second breakfast.
Do you want to know the microclimate of your family? Take the TEST ON OUR SITE and find out if something needs to be changed
Requirements for the daily routine in kindergarten according to SanPiN
Four meals a day for children are organized in the group room. The interval between meals is no more than 4 hours. For more information about the diet, diet and menu, see here.
A walk is organized 2 times a day: in the first half of the day and after midnight, which is a total of 3-4 hours.At temperatures below -15°C and wind speeds over 7 m/s, the duration of the walk is reduced.
Daytime sleep for children from 3 to 7 years is 2 - 2.5 hours. During sonchas, the presence of a teacher in the bedroom is mandatory. Before going to bed, it is not recommended to conduct mobile and emotional games and activities.
All rooms must be ventilated daily.
Through ventilation is carried out for at least 10 minutes every 1.5 hours in the absence of children 30 minutes before they arrive from a walk or class.
In the presence of children, airing is permissible only in the warm season without a draft. When airing, the air temperature should not fall by more than 2-4°C.
Bed linen is changed at least once a week.
Have you already chosen what to give your baby for the New Year? How to please and surprise your beloved baby? Family holiday New Year is an opportunity to give a child bright emotions from joint entertainment. Let the kid remember this magic and fairy tale for the rest of his life! The best New Year's greetings for a baby - personal interactive greetings!
To say it's magical is an understatement! The cub sat with his mouth open and believed that it was true Santa Claus was talking to her. Bought every year and never regretted.
Now, of course, she has grown up and it is difficult to surprise her with Santa Claus ... Thank you for being able to give the baby a fairy tale for the New Year!
Download the series as a gift for the New Year and you will see how much happiness your child will receive from watching a fabulous game plot! See all the unusual options for New Year's greetings to the baby HERE!
Organization of classes
For the harmonious development of the child, according to SanPiN, developmental classes are included in the daily routine, which subsequently serve as preparation for school.
Classes in kindergarten are conducted in the main areas:
- musical;
- physical Culture;
- art;
- classes for the development of fine motor skills;
- classes for the development of speech;
- introduction to basic mathematical knowledge.
Classes that require increased cognitive activity and mental stress of children are held in the first half of the day and alternate with physical education and music classes to avoid overworking the child.
The continuous duration of the educational lesson of a preschooler does not exceed:
- 10 minutes for children 3-4 years old (younger group);
- 15 minutes for children 4 - 5 years old (middle group);
- 20 minutes for children 5-6 years old (senior group);
- 30 minutes for children 6 - 7 years old (preparatory group).
No more than 3 classes are held per day. Breaks between classes are at least 10 minutes.
Physical development classes
Physical development classes are held at least 3 times a week. Their duration is from 15 to 30 minutes, depending on the age group. In summer, such classes are recommended to be held outdoors.
Kindergarten ventilation
It is forbidden to use asbestos-cement and plastic sewer pipes for the construction of the channel system. It is contraindicated to bring exhausts from bathrooms, kitchens, dryers and rooms where children play and relax into a common duct. In rooms with high humidity, exhaust equipment should be installed to constantly pump out fumes, odors and volatile compounds. Specifics of ventilation systems in kindergartens From a technical point of view, the design of air exchange systems in kindergartens is carried out according to the same standards as for other ventilation complexes with similar performance. But in practice, a number of specific nuances should always be taken into account. The main such feature is that the ventilation in the kindergarten is entrusted not only with the task of mechanical renewal of the necessary volumes of air, but also with the direct prevention of colds.The preventive effect in this case is achieved in two ways: the creation of an air environment that is as unfavorable as possible for the transfer of pathogenic bacteria and viruses; maintaining optimal temperature and humidity parameters of the air necessary for the normal functioning of the child's immune system; creation of such dynamics of air exchange, which would exclude local or general hypothermia of children. Temperature limits maximum C for bedrooms, and maximum C for playrooms.
Preschool educational organizations operate in the mode of short-term stay up to 5 hours a day, shortened day 8-hour stay, full day 10.5-hour stay, extended day 13-hour stay and round-the-clock stay of children. These sanitary rules do not apply to family groups located in residential apartments in residential buildings. These sanitary rules are mandatory for all citizens, legal entities and individual entrepreneurs whose activities are related to the design, construction, reconstruction, operation of facilities of preschool educational organizations that carry out educational activities, as well as for preschool educational organizations that provide services for the development of children further - preschool educational organizations. These sanitary rules do not apply to facilities that are at the stage of design, construction, reconstruction and commissioning at the time of entry into force of these sanitary rules. Previously built buildings of preschool educational organizations are operated in accordance with the project according to which they were built. The functioning of preschool educational organizations implementing the main educational program is carried out in the presence of a conclusion confirming its compliance with sanitary legislation and these sanitary rules, issued by an authority authorized to exercise federal state sanitary and epidemiological supervision and federal state supervision in the field of consumer protection for the purpose of licensing educational activities . The preschool organization accepts children aged from 2 months to 7 years. The selection of a contingent of a mixed age group should take into account the possibility of organizing a daily routine in it that corresponds to the anatomical and physiological characteristics of each age group. The number of children in groups of a preschool educational organization of a general developmental orientation is determined based on the calculation of the area of \u200b\u200bthe group playroom - for groups of early age up to 3 years, at least 2.5 square meters per 1 child and for preschool age from 3 to 7 years - at least 2.0 square meters per child actually in the group. The number and ratio of age groups in a preschool educational organization of a compensatory type, which carries out qualified correction of deficiencies in physical and or mental development, is determined taking into account the characteristics of psychophysical development and the capabilities of pupils.
Heat supply and ventilation system of the kindergarten mode and norms
Fresh air ? it is a necessity for small children, it gives them the opportunity to grow, ensures the full functioning of all organs, helps to prevent the appearance of allergies, respiratory ailments. Due to this, authorities and supervisory authorities make great demands on institutions in which children of preschool age are kept and stay for a long time. According to them, harsh, scientifically based standards are being developed so that nothing threatens the health and safety of babies. Kindergartens should have incoming pupils in conditions that fully comply with the rules? in particular, they need to worry about timely and high-quality ventilation.
Children spend a lot of time in kindergarten. They gather in groups, sometimes quite large, and ensure the quality of ventilation ? significant and challenging task. Air characteristics (purity, humidity, temperature) ? important factors in maintaining the health and activity of children. The heat supply and ventilation system of the kindergarten, adjusted according to the norms, helps to maintain immunity, helps to harden the body and allows:
- reduce the level and frequency of illnesses caused by viruses and infections;
- to guarantee the inflow and circulation of fresh air streams rich in oxygen;
- create a wonderful microclimate;
- remove air pollution;
- improve indoor humidity;
- reduce heating and air cleaning costs.
We recommend ready-made solutions for the ventilation of kindergartens and schoolsMore.
Parameters and restrictions for air ventilation complexes in kindergarten
The kindergarten ventilation project is always carefully developed. Engineers at the first step collect all information about existing restrictions, norms, requirements
It is contained in specialized tables (for design temperatures and air exchange), which appear in sanitary control authorities, and take into account seasonality, regionality and all other factors.
The ventilation mode of kindergartens takes into account many contraindications:
- it is impossible to seal the natural inflow holes in the vents (their presence on each window in the first place);
- after the children leave the bedrooms, educational or sports facilities, it is necessary to actively ventilate them;
- if the temperature on the outside is not higher than + 20 ° C, then it is impossible to keep the windows open for a longer period of three minutes;
- in rooms where there are children, there should be several holes for natural air extraction (along the upper edge);
- the area of the ventilation openings (simultaneously with the vents) should be related to the floor area as 1/50;
- the ventilation system in the back rooms (laundry room, bathroom, kitchen) should not pass through the children's rooms.
Kindergarten ventilation standards are developed in detail and are regulated by SNiP P-L No. 3-71. For one child, at least 50 m3 / h per hour should be supplied.
Organization of ventilation in kindergartens
The key type of ventilation that is used in kindergartens? supply and exhaust. In every room where children spend a lot of time, you need to provide a wonderful microclimate. It is allowed to remove polluted air through neighboring rooms, for example, from a bedroom through a playroom.
The ventilation system in the catering unit in the kindergarten must be organized very carefully. It is impossible for channels and exhaust vents to pass through rooms where children stay for a long time, play, dine and sleep. The same applies to toilet and laundry areas.
Residents of Karpinsk ask the head of the city administration to start the heating period earlier
The cold weather in recent days - not counting today - has caused some Karpinians to turn to influencers with a desperate letter. The initiators were the parents of kindergarteners, who were concerned that it was very cold in the groups of virtually all city kindergartens.
Surely, many residents of the city at the moment most of all are waiting for the heat. Photo: pixabay.com
An open appeal to the head of the city administration Andrei Klopov
Dear Andrey Alekseevich!
Due to the current situation, we ask you to take measures to start the heating season ahead of schedule. It is cool in the kindergarten groups (in the playroom it is 14 degrees in the morning, in the evening - 16, in the bedrooms - 16 degrees), the children walk in groups in warm sweaters and pants, they catch a cold. Cold days have become the reason that sanitary and epidemiological standards are not currently being met in kindergartens, because SanPiN takes into account the desired value of home temperatures in preschool educational institutions within the range of 19-22 degrees Celsius (reception rooms, playrooms, groups - 21-22 degrees more zero, in the bedrooms, according to sanitary rules, it should be 19-20 degrees Celsius). We kindly ask you to connect the heat supply in kindergartens, schools and other social facilities.
In fact, virtually all pre-school institutions in Karpinsk are cold at the moment.This is proved by the head of kindergarten No. 1 "Ladushki" Valentina Marenina. “A similar situation is everywhere,” says Valentina Semyonovna. “We even had a conversation at the level of the education department, and Raisa Alexandrovna (meaning Raisa Churkina, head of the education department - ed.) is aware of the situation.” Today, on August 27, in the playroom (group) of kindergarten No. 1, says Valentina Marenina, the temperature is 20 degrees Celsius, which may be partly due to the fact that outside the window is a fairly warm, fine day.
Raisa Churkina, meanwhile, proves that there is a problem. “Particularly, parents do not apply to the department of education,” says Raisa Alexandrovna, “they go to the heads of kindergartens. And at the meeting on August 24, all these questions and complaints, of course, were voiced, but we do not make such decisions.” According to Raisa Churkina, it is impossible to use devices with a heating function in kindergartens - this is already a violation, thanks to this, educators and heads of kindergartens advise parents to dress their children warmer, wear pajamas. “In the playrooms,” added Raisa Alexandrovna, “the temperature levels off throughout the day – there are children, they play, they move. But in the bedrooms - cool.
According to the head of the education department, in previous years there was an experience of starting the heating period before September 15 - “two or three days, but they started earlier.” This became possible if the daily average street temperature for five days, as a rule, will be +8 degrees Celsius.
Director of Dom Management Company Alexander Pilnikov says that it is impossible to start the heating period earlier only in kindergartens and other social facilities. Under any circumstances, the whole city will have to be turned on, and, Alexander Leonidovich believes, if such an order of the head of the city arises, the season may begin before the planned and classic date for Karpinsk - September 15th. “It is clear that people are uncomfortable - it is cool both in residential areas and in kindergartens,” Pilnikov argues. - For example, I live in my own house and the heating boiler, albeit at a minimum, turned on back in July. So I didn't turn it off. The weather is not in our favor right now.”
What are the temperature standards in kindergartens for 2019
Admin Preschool Age Internet magazine fraui has already talked about the causes of frequent illnesses in children due to the fact that most of the day our kids, and no longer babies at all, spend in poorly ventilated rooms with dry warm air. Such air dries out the mucous membranes, which does not allow local immunity to fully work, delaying and destroying all kinds of microbes.
It is quite important to monitor the immunity of the child, since it is he who plays the role of the main obstacle in the way of all ailments.
Helping children's immunity and eliminating factors harmful to a child's health is not difficult at all: you need to regularly ventilate, of course, avoiding drafts in the presence of children, maintain normal humidity in the house, and do not neglect walking in any weather!
But is the same healthy regime maintained in the kindergarten, where you bring your baby every day, and where he spends most of the day? How is the regime in kindergarten? Not everyone will be able to answer this question, mainly because few people think about it at all. In the morning, hurrying to work, we bring the child to the group, with the corner of our consciousness we note that the room is warm, well, okay. But, as we said, heat is not always a friend.
At the same time, there are clear rules for kindergartens, schools and other childcare facilities. Moreover, the work of a kindergarten according to these rules was not at all invented yesterday, it is not a whim of the kindergarten administration or a teacher, and not even the fulfillment of the wishes of the parents. All the norms indicated in this document were established in accordance with the results of scientific research and observations, which means that they are designed to provide an optimal regime in kindergarten, in which the incidence among children would tend to zero.
Among the main parameters: air temperature in group rooms; relative humidity; air exchange rate. How should it be? It is possible that he is already in the group, then just take an interest in his testimony.Exceeding the upper limit by at least one degree already creates a danger to the health of children.
It is more difficult to deal with air humidity, it is measured by an unknown device - a hygrometer, which, unlike a conventional thermometer, is unlikely to be found in a group, in an entire kindergarten. And the hygrometer, in fact, is a fairly simple and quite affordable device, prices for the simplest models start at two hundred rubles. It is, perhaps, almost impossible to measure the intensity of air exchange, it comes down by and large to the ventilation of rooms, and SanPiN describes the rules for this ventilation.
Failure to comply with these rules leads to the fact that the child often gets sick in kindergarten and the immune system cannot protect his body. Here are the rules: corner and cross ventilation is carried out in the absence of children; in the cold season, airing the bedroom should end 30 minutes before bedtime; during sleep, windows or transoms should open, and close the same 30 minutes before getting up; when it is warm outside, windows should be open during sleep; Drafts should be avoided in the presence of children.
Do these conditions seem barbaric to you? But these norms, developed by scientists and doctors, are designed for ordinary people! For school classes, there are also ventilation rules. Where is the Kindergarten Commission looking? It is logical that if there are rules, then there should be those responsible for their implementation. This is the administration of the garden, a medical worker, a doctor or a nurse, who is mandatory in every preschool institution, and also this is the Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision.
Unfortunately, neither the presence of rules enshrined in law, nor the presence of responsible persons and regulatory authorities does not change the situation in any way. Today it is almost impossible to find a kindergarten, the conditions in which would meet the requirements of SanPiN. And here is the paradox, it is impossible to say that the temperature regime is not controlled at all. It is controlled, even as, only one-sidedly. About what is the humidity of the air in the group rooms of the garden and how the ventilation is carried out is a mystery shrouded in darkness.
Well, we parents, fortunately, have certain rights and opportunities to influence the current situation and achieve normal, healthy conditions for our children.
The norm of temperature in kindergarten
Housing and communal services Info - all about tariffs What are the temperature norms in kindergartens for the year Control over the conditions of children in kindergartens and schools is carried out by state regulatory bodies. Their main task is to comply with the norms established by regulatory documents. According to government regulations, special documents have been developed that define the permissible conditions in institutions for children. Permissible and recommended standards for the maintenance of children in educational institutions, which were included in the regulatory documents, were established several decades ago. The norms were determined on the basis of scientific research. The conditions determined by the norms are most conducive to the preservation of children's health. The correctness of the requirements of regulatory documents has been confirmed by a long history of observations, with deviations from the norms in some institutions, a surge in the incidence of children visiting them is inevitably observed. Thus, any children's institution should strive to adhere to the established norms as much as possible.
Temperature in kindergartens in Russia SanPiN and not only
Heating in kindergartens Norms of lighting in kindergarten Events The fact that there is an economic component is expensive. From the point of view of preventive medicine, hygiene, and epidemiology, absolutely adequate standards are laid down there,” said Mykola Krentovsky, Deputy Director of the Department for the Organization of State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance of the State SES, in a comment to Interfax-Ukraine.According to him, a working group has been created and the document "is being processed at the Ministry of Health, and relevant instructions have been given." At the same time, N. Krentovsky added: “Those norms were, in my opinion, correct. We're just getting better." The doctor declares that "not a single kindergarten in our country complies and will never comply with the newly created sanitary norms and rules"; and that "now in our country, in principle, it is impossible to build, create, organize a kindergarten that meets the norms and rules." Komarovsky explains that the order contains a number of mutually exclusive prescriptions that will lead to the fact that "crowds of inspectors will run around kindergartens and demand money, since now everyone has violations." At least months of the year, in order to maintain this temperature, it is necessary to carry out air conditioning.
