What is an oven housekeeper
Rationalization touched, first of all, the basis of the furnace. Now there are two asymmetrical combustion chambers here. Each with its own ash chamber, grate, blower and furnace doors. One of the furnaces is larger and is considered the main one. The second one is smaller, it is considered additional. Furnace doors (respectively, and blowers under them) are located perpendicularly, on adjacent sides of the base. At the level of the first row of masonry, on the other two sides, there are four cleaning doors for cleaning the channels of the heating chamber in the base, called wrappings.
The bottom of the housekeeper looks a lot like a kitchen stove. And above both fireboxes, in the area of the hearth, the same cast-iron stove with two burners was laid. Between the fireboxes under this plate there is a connecting channel. Through it, hot gases from the additional furnace enter the main one, then follow into the channels of the heating chamber of the base. If we take into account that the walls of the furnaces are the walls of the base, and the heating chamber is folded with a half-brick wall, then the bottom warms up well and provides heating at the lower levels. The purpose of the firebox is to cook a lot of food in the summer, when there is no need to heat. In small it can be warmed up, and slightly flooded if necessary.
Features and characteristics of the housekeeper stove
On such a pedestal there is a large cooking chamber with a hearth, which has a classic look of a Russian stove. But there are also subtleties. So under does not reach the back wall. There is a gap for the entire width of the cooking chamber. Through this slot, the chambers at the base of the oven are connected to the cooking room. Due to this, hot gases, having passed through the lower chambers and involutes, exit under the roof of the cooking chamber and, further through the overtube system, into the chimney. The cooking chamber is used as an ordinary Russian stove. If necessary, it is closed with a flap with a handle. Along the perimeter of the hearth open on both sides, a strapping called faience is made with a metal corner, it passes along the upper and lower parts of the open hearth. To support the upper part, a tubular support is installed at the corners of the trim.
And the housekeeper lives up to its name. It warms up the entire height of the room perfectly. The temperature difference is very small. The stove can be fired with any kind of solid fuel. At choice, three fuel chambers are used, providing the most comfortable temperature in the house. Equipped with additional ventilation ducts, the oven, during cooking, removes all odors. This possibility is provided by two special valves.
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Compact brick oven Housekeeper
Owners of private houses have recently paid great attention to the construction of a Russian stove, which is designed not only for heating rooms, but also for cooking. The standard design of the hearth is rather bulky, has some disadvantages, such as uneven distribution of hot air
Specialists in this field have developed a compact and convenient stove Housekeeper. The equipment can operate on any fuel and has a number of advantages.
Features and principle of operation
Brick oven improved Housekeeper involves the construction of a massive cast-iron stove with two burners. The design provides for the presence of a small and large firebox. The first is used for cooking in warm weather, since it takes a certain amount of time to warm it up. The second is used for heating the house in winter and baking all year round.
When loading and burning fuel, the gases rise into the first compartment of the Russian furnace, then fly out into the second section through the devices of the hoods. Then they pass into the gap in the floor and enter the cooking chamber, carrying out heating. In this zone there are openings through which the combustion products move to the collection channel, from there to the chimney. The cavity (pole) is open from the front and sides.
Due to the specific scheme of construction, it is convenient and multifunctional. It requires a small amount of firewood or other fuel for its operation. The equipment is small in size: 150 cm long, 90 cm wide. The thickness of the structure is 225 cm with a standard joint size of 5 mm. There are two valves in the ventilation duct and chimney of the Russian stove of the Housekeeper model. The damper for the cooking compartment is made of sheet iron.
Tricky meter that saves electricity Pays for itself in 2 months!
A brick partition divides the chamber into two parts and is equipped with three gaps of 10x20 cm, which ensures the passage of gases. Unlike a classic stove, in a compact Housekeeper, the cooker works on heating with smoke products, and not through open fire. In this compartment, it is convenient not only to heat up and cook food, but also to dry vegetables, fruits and berries, thanks to the appropriate temperature.
Russian stove Housekeeper
The project of the future furnace directly depends on the size of the room. Russian oven "Housekeeper" can be large, medium and small. The following dimensions are considered standard: height 1.8 m, length 2.3 m and width 1.4 m. It is these dimensions that should be followed during construction. Now, knowing the parameters of the Russian stove, you can calculate the number of bricks that need to be purchased.
The first stage of construction is the foundation. Its depth is 0.5-0.6 m. Sand or gravel should be laid on the bottom, and then two layers of roofing material. Pour the foundation with concrete mix. Let him grab.
Masonry of the Russian stove "Housekeeper"
Building a stove with your own hands is a simple matter, but very painstaking and requires attention. The fact is that each subsequent masonry is different from the previous one. For the first row, you can use broken bricks. They fit in the middle. The outer walls are built from whole.
The fuel for such a structure can be like firewood. and other solid fuels such as coal. The Russian mini-oven will create a comfortable temperature throughout the house, economically consuming fuel.
Developing a rational design for the "Housekeeper" stove without a bench, we modified its base. The result was a different version of the construction from the previous one: both fireboxes were arranged in a new way - the main and additional ones. It remains customary to use the cooking chamber, which is closed by a damper if necessary.
Russian stoves are not just an interior element that many mistakenly take for decorative. Until now, despite the abundance of modern types of heating equipment, it is stoves for country houses are one of the sources of uninterrupted heat and hot water supply. The Russian brick oven can also be used for cooking, for drying mushrooms and berries. It is a fairly economical replacement for complex heating equipment. Dry firewood, special wood briquettes can be used as fuel. But coal in this case is not suitable, it can only be taken for solid fuel boilers. For a small private house, you can use an unconventional, rather massive design, the so-called housekeeper mini Russian stove.
The device of the Russian stove.
The ordering of such a furnace includes diagrams for 34 rows, each of which shows the location of the brick and the features of its laying. In addition to the description, the scheme necessarily includes a graphic image of the masonry, indications, if there is a need to use not a whole brick, but ½, ¼, ¾.
Work materials
To lay the furnaces, it is necessary to prepare the materials that will be needed during work. Their exact number depends on which furnace scheme will be used. Dampers, doors, cast iron stove, etc. remain unchanged, only their sizes can differ
When calculating the number of bricks, attention should also be paid to what exactly the chimney will be. Usually, the ordering includes only the scheme for laying the furnace itself; a completely separate drawing is drawn up for the chimney
Today, ready-made chimneys can be used, which, after laying, are simply connected to the design of the furnace.
To lay out a mini Russian oven Housekeeper with your own hands, you need to prepare the following:
- solid red oven brick, type 150 M125 - 750 pcs;
- clay masonry mortar;
- grate metal grates with dimensions - 2 pcs;
- furnace doors - 2 pcs;
- blower doors with dimensions: 130 * 140 mm, 140 * 270 mm - 2 pcs;
- oven cleaning doors - 4 pcs;
- cast iron stove for cooking 300 * 250 mm - 1 pc;
- smoke damper - 1 pc;
- ventilation valve - 1 pc;
- oven damper &- 1 pc;
- hot water box - 1 pc;
- steel strip 850*40*10 mm, 500*40*10 mm - 2 pieces of each type;
- metal corner 1200 mm with dimensions 25 * 25 * 3 mm - 1 pc;
- metal bar with diameters 16, 18 mm, 25 * 25 * 3 mm - 1 pc;
- metal wire with a diameter of 6 mm, 10 m;
- nuts, washers for fasteners - 16 pcs;
- pre-furnace sheet of roofing iron 500 * 700 mm - 2 pcs.
In the woodsheds built on the sides of the fireplace, chips for kindling are stored. In different places of the oven array, there are seven stoves of different sizes, in which it is convenient to store and dry small items. In addition, stoves are decoration of the stove: together with a cascade of arches and shelves, they give the fireplace and stove an elegant look. If desired, some arches can be replaced with straight lintels. The stove will also be decorated with the laying of arches and shelves with bricks of a different color or a more intense color.
A little about the housekeeper stove
The housekeeper's stove is a very common occurrence in rural or rural areas, and you have probably been visiting relatives or friends in the village, so you know exactly what will be discussed right now. The photo shows the same housekeeper oven, made by hand.
So, ordering is a process that is responsible for the sequence of all work on the way to a single result. As a matter of fact, the order is presented in the video and photo.
The housekeeper stove is a kind of design with small dimensions (probably hence the name). As a rule, this is a length equal to a meter, a width reaching 90 centimeters, and a height that cannot exceed 2.5 meters.
Usually, the housekeeper, according to what reviews they write about her, includes two fuel compartments in her design (just this is shown in the photo below):
- The main heating tank is used as the main one.
- An additional heating tank is provided just in case and for severe frosts.
It is worth mentioning that the housekeeper’s stove warms up first at the bottom, after which the temperature rises, so we get a well-heated room not from above (as is customary in the system of other heating units), but vice versa.
Preparatory work
So, now you can start preparatory work. At this stage, we need to take all the measurements and purchase building (if necessary, finishing) materials.
The building material that we need to carry out the relevant work should be chosen based on the dimensions that were given, and taking into account two chambers for heating. We will need the following materials:
- Brick (red, refractory) - approximately 750-800 pieces.
- Clay solution for fastening - about 35-40 buckets.
In addition, we need to purchase oven appliances. Do not forget that you can use old appliances that can be borrowed from an old machine or found in an old barn. The reviews of the owners who made the oven with their own hands speak about this.
- A grate in the amount of two pieces, but of different sizes (180 by 250 mm and 120 by 140 mm).
- Furnace door (any size according to your desire, but also in the amount of two pieces).
- Blower door (preferably small).
- Cast iron plate.
- Chimney damper.
- Valve for ventilation.
- Wire (the more, the better). For the above dimensions, about 10 meters are needed. Wire thickness 6 mm.
But that's not all. Do not forget that additional materials are also needed. For example, strip and carbon steel must also be purchased. You will also need round steel, it can also be purchased at your local hardware store. And also do not forget about the stove damper, the size of which you will have to choose yourself.
But how to carry out all the installation work with your own hands, you can see on the video provided by us.
Rules for long-term operation
I would like to dwell, so to speak, on the future of your unit. There are several rules that must be followed so that the housekeeper's oven can please you for a long time with its continuous, and most importantly, uninterrupted operation. First, remember: you can not melt both compartments for the firebox
Secondly, the doors (furnace and blower) of the room that does not work should be tightly closed, almost hermetically, pay attention to this. Thirdly, the damper of the unit must also always be buried
Fourth, do not forget that before opening the damper, it is necessary to ensure the extension of the ventilation duct. And finally, fifthly, it is possible to use the cooking chamber and stove only after ten minutes have passed since the start of the unit's combustion. Do not forget the simple rules - enjoy the operation of the unit. Accuracy, attentiveness will allow you to save the oven housekeeper for quite a long time, and you will save your finances and nerves.
As a result, I would also like to note the functionality of this heating stove, because now you can not only heat the room you need, but also cook food with it.
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