How many kilowatts is needed to heat a house
The main consumers of electricity in homes are lighting, cooking, heating and hot water.
During the cold period, it is important to pay attention to the heating of the house. Electric heating in the house can be of several types:
- water (batteries and boiler);
- purely electric (convector, warm floor);
- combined (warm floor, batteries and boiler).
Let's look at electric heating options and electricity consumption.
- Heating with a boiler. If you plan to install an electric boiler, then the choice should fall on a three-phase boiler. The boiler system equally divides the electrical load into phases. Manufacturers produce boilers with different capacities. To choose it correctly, you can make a simplified calculation, divide the area of \u200b\u200bthe house by 10. For example, if the house has an area of \u200b\u200b120 m2, then a 12 kW boiler will be needed for heating. To save on electricity, you need to establish a two-tariff mode of using electricity. Then at night the boiler will work at an economical rate. Also, in addition to the electric boiler, you need to install a buffer tank, which will accumulate warm water at night and distribute it to heating appliances during the day.
- Convector heating. As a rule, convectors are installed under windows and connected directly to a power outlet. Their number should correspond to the presence of windows in the room. Experts recommend calculating the total amount for the power consumption of all heating devices and equally distributing it over all three phases. For example, heating of one floor can be connected to the first one. To another phase, the entire second floor. To the third phase, attach the kitchen and bathroom.Today, the convectors have advanced features. So you can set the desired temperature and choose the time for heating. To save money, you can set the time and date of the convector. The device is equipped with the possibility of a “multi-tariff”, which includes a heater, at the required power or at a reduced rate (after 23:00 and before 08:00). The energy calculation for convectors is similar to the boiler in the previous paragraph.
- Heating with underfloor heating. A very convenient option for heating, as you can set the desired temperature for each room. It is not recommended to install a warm floor at the place where furniture, a refrigerator, as well as a bathroom are installed. As calculations show, a house of 90 m2 with an installed convector and underfloor heating, on one floor, consumes from 5.5 to 9 kW of electricity.
Gas consumption in gas heating boilers
How much gas does average equipment use?
On average, a gas boiler consumes 1.12 cubic meters of gas per hour for every 10 kW of power. If we are talking about a liquefied gas heater, then the same 10 kW will take 0.86 kg per hour. This should take into account:
- Each model of equipment has its own characteristics, including in terms of fuel consumption. The nominal flow rate is indicated in the instructions for each model, so it will not be difficult to detail this indicator.
- The practical fuel consumption depends on various factors, which we will discuss below.
The average fuel cost will help us estimate the approximate cost of heating.
Suppose the following: we have an area of 100 square meters and a heating period of 7 months. On average, 0.1 kW of heat is needed for heating 1 sq. m. Accordingly, our room needs a boiler with a capacity of 10 kW. If we heat for 12 hours a day, then the boiler will consume 13.44 cubic meters of fuel per day. For 7 months it will be 2,822 cubic meters. Knowing the cost of a cubic meter of fuel, we can find out the cost of heating.
This calculation is characterized by averaging and significant roughness, since we assume that throughout the season the intensity of boiler use will be the same. In fact, gas will be required 10-25% lower.
What affects practical gas consumption?
- Warming. The dependence is obvious - the less heat leaves the premises, the less it needs to be introduced there. High-quality insulation will reduce the operating time of the boiler while maintaining the set temperature. Reduced run time automatically means reduced gas consumption.
- Room area. Large rooms require more heat to heat. Accordingly, it is necessary to choose a more powerful boiler, the consumption of which is higher. An alternative could be partial heating, for example, only one floor.
- Technical condition of the boiler and chimney. The wear of components, the accumulation of burning in the chimney and the deterioration of traction - all this leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the equipment. In order to heat the room to the same temperature, the boiler will need more fuel due to a decrease in heat transfer. Maintenance of the boiler and other equipment before the start of the heating season is a significant contribution to profitability.
- Technical condition and type of radiators. The heat transfer of radiators is no less important for fuel economy than the efficiency of the boiler.
- Additional heating methods. The use of electric underfloor heating reduces the load on the boiler, but increases it on the power grid. Due to the local use of additional heating, an optimal balance in terms of costs can be achieved.
By carefully working through these 5 factors, you can keep your heating costs to a reasonable minimum.
Electric heating of a private house cost per month
Electric heating in a wooden house
Heating a private house in the winter is one of the most significant cost items in its maintenance. The most understandable and familiar way of heating is with the help of electricity.
The problem with such a system is its high consumption. Therefore, when choosing electric heating for a private house, the cost per month should be calculated in advance so that there are no surprises later. It is more profitable to heat large areas with electricity, since even small electric boilers consume at least 12 kW of energy, and even more at peak loads. Of course, it should be taken into account that these heating systems are equipped with controllers that regulate the temperature. Controllers reduce energy consumption.
In addition, electric heating has a number of advantages over the rest:
- low initial costs: you do not have to pay for project development, laying gas pipes from the boiler room to the house, installing a chimney and additional sensors.
- electric heating - the easiest to use. There are no quickly wearing parts in the equipment, such as heat exchangers or fans;
- the system does not require complicated regular service maintenance;
- the system is also the most secure. If the installation is done correctly, the probability of emergency situations tends to zero;
- electric heating equipment is distinguished by a long service life, environmental friendliness, and, moreover, it operates completely silently.
However, high energy consumption should not be discounted. Electric heating of a private house, the cost per month of which is determined by the power, can be estimated as follows:
an area of 150 sq.m requires at least 15 kW of energy. This means that with the round-the-clock operation of the boiler, the consumption will be more than 10 thousand kW. If the frosts stay at an average of -10 degrees, the boiler will work for half a day, and the consumption will be about 5500 kW.
Electric heating of a private house
There is an opinion that the cost of resources spent on electric heating is 8-10 times higher than when using a gas boiler. This opinion is incorrect, since it does not take into account indirect costs.With gas heating, it is necessary to add the costs of connecting to the gas main, maintenance and replacement of the gas boiler. So the actual difference in the cost per month will be about 2-3 times, which, of course, is also a considerable amount.
In order to minimize costs, private houses should be equipped with high-quality thermal insulation. The lower the heat loss, the lower the electricity consumption. Another way to save money is multi-tariff meters, which allow you to distribute energy depending on the time of day. In this case, the maximum load on the system can be shifted for the duration of the minimum tariffs.
Call right now +7(495)105-95-67 to find out the cost of heating your home with electricity today.
How to save electricity
Today, there are many options for saving energy. These methods are quite simple, but for them to work you need to apply them every day. Reducing electricity consumption will not only save the family budget, but also reduce emissions into the environment.
Simple and time-tested saving methods
The use of energy-saving light bulbs. Such lamps practically do not heat up, so the energy costs are only for lighting. On average, the life of such lamps is up to 3 years, and this will significantly save costs. Such lamps consume 5 times less electricity, their service life is 10 times longer and pays off in 1 year
When using household appliances, it is important to follow the instructions. Let's take a refrigerator for example.
It should not be placed near a stove or radiator, as the device will need to work uninterruptedly to maintain the required temperature. The same applies to the moment when hot food is placed. It is important not to forget to defrost the refrigerator in a timely manner, since ice in the freezer contributes to high energy costs (up to 20%). When leaving the room, do not forget to turn off the light. Such advice is the most effective way to save electricity. Clean your light bulbs regularly. At first glance, this advice seems ridiculous. But few people know that dust can drown out up to 15% of the light. It is important not to forget about the cleanliness of the shades. You can use lower wattage lamps. Make minor cosmetic repairs in the room
When choosing wallpaper, you should pay attention to light shades, as they are able to make the room lighter and more comfortable by 80%. We should not forget about the ceiling, it should be made white
Thus, you will turn on the lights less often. The use of heat reflective screens. They are made from foil or penofol. They should be installed behind the battery. Thanks to such screens, the temperature in the room can be raised by several degrees. Room warming. It is necessary to insulate the windows or replace them with metal-plastic ones. Up to 30% of heat can be lost through windows. Blackout curtains should be hung on the windows. If possible, you need to insulate the front doors, and in the house walls, ceilings, floors and roofs. Purchasing home appliances of class "A", "A +" and "A ++" it can save up to 50% of electricity. It is not recommended to leave devices in standby mode. Any technique, a person uses only a few hours, during the day. All the remaining time, she, in the "standby" mode, gradually absorbs electricity. To save money, devices should be turned off from the network.
And so, we already know how many kilowatts are needed for a house. Let's recap. From the above, it follows that if we use electricity economically, then we can quite invest in 15 kW, and for a small house it will even be enough for heating. Then the whole family will feel comfortable in their cozy nest.
How to calculate electricity consumption
To find out how much an electric boiler consumes per day or per month, you need to calculate its operating mode. Firstly, it works at full capacity for a third, a maximum of half of the season, during the period of the most severe frosts. Secondly, decide how long it works for you per day.Let's say that you will leave it in operation at minimum power during the day, and turn it on at full power at night. Then the time of maximum power consumption by the electric boiler is about 6-9 hours. Now you need to multiply the number of working hours by the cost of 1 kW / hour of electricity.
Here is an example of calculating the daily consumption of an electric boiler under the conditions:
- The boiler operates at full capacity 8 hours a day.
- Boiler power 9 kW.
- The cost of electricity is 4.04 r per 1 kWh (tariff for residential premises equipped with electric furnaces and electric heating installations as of January 1, 2018 in Moscow).
Then:
8*9*4.04= 290 rubles per day.
In fact, it may not work at full power for 8 hours, but 24 hours at a third of power, for example, etc. To calculate monthly expenses, you need to multiply the resulting number by the number of working days:
290*30 = 8700 rubles per month.
Sufficiently high electricity costs for an electric boiler. To calculate the cost of the heating season, you can multiply the number of hours per day by the power of the electric boiler and by the number of days in the season, and then divide the resulting amount by 2. This will help to take into account the period of work in severe frosts and the time of work at the minimum power of the electric boiler in early autumn and spring.
How much electricity does a gas boiler consume per month All about electricity
Greetings, comrades! Today we have to learn how to calculate the power consumption of an electric boiler of known power in real work conditions. I will introduce you to two calculation schemes of varying complexity - according to the nominal power of the boiler and according to the actual heat demand of the house. Let's get started.
A heating element electric heating boiler is used in my house as a backup source of heat.
Electric power of wall and floor gas boilers
The calculation of the electric power of the heating system is necessary for the correct choice of a voltage stabilizer or an uninterruptible power supply for organizing an efficient power supply system. The main electrical consumers of the heating boiler are the built-in circulation pump, air blowers, and the boiler control system.
How to save money
Installing a two-tariff meter saves electricity heating costs. Moscow tariffs for apartments and houses equipped with stationary electric heating installations distinguish between two costs:
- 4.65 r from 7:00 to 23:00.
- 1.26 r from 23:00 to 7:00.
Then you will spend, subject to round-the-clock operation, 9 kW of an electric boiler turned on for a third of the power:
9*0.3*12*4.65 + 9*0.3*12*1.26 = 150 + 40 = 190 rubles
The difference in daily consumption is 80 rubles. In a month you will save 2400 rubles. What justifies the installation of a two-tariff meter.
The second way to save money when using a two-tariff meter is to use automatic control devices for electrical appliances. It consists in assigning the peak consumption of an electric boiler, boiler and other things at night, then most of the electricity will be charged at 1.26, and not at 4.65. While you are at work, the boiler can either turn off completely or operate in low energy mode, for example, at 10% of power. To automate the operation of the electric boiler, you can use programmable digital thermostats or boilers with the ability to program.
In conclusion, I would like to note that heating a house with electricity is a rather expensive method, regardless of the specific method, whether it is an electric boiler, a convector or another electric heater. They come to him only in cases where there is no way to connect to the gas. In addition to the costs of operating an electric boiler, you are waiting for the initial costs of registering a three-phase input of electricity.
The main chores are:
- registration of a package of documents, including technical specifications, electrical project, etc.;
- organization of grounding;
- the cost of a cable for connecting a house and wiring a new wiring;
- counter installation.
Moreover, you may be denied a three-phase input and an increase in power if there is no such technical possibility in your area, when the transformer substations are already operating at their limit. The choice of the type of boiler and heating depends not only on your desires, but also on the capabilities of the infrastructure.
This concludes our short article. We hope that now it has become clear to you what the real consumption of electricity is by an electric boiler and how you can reduce the cost of heating a house with electricity.
Related content:
- How much electricity does underfloor heating use?
- Electricity consumption of the air conditioner
- How to save money on electric heating at home
- How to connect an electric boiler to the network
How to calculate boiler power
A number of factors depend on the final capacity of the installation. On average, ceilings up to 3 meters high are accepted. In this case, the calculation is reduced to a ratio of 1 kW per 10 m2, in a climate typical of the middle lanes. However, for an accurate calculation, consider the following number of factors:
- the condition of windows, doors and floors, the presence of cracks on them;
- What are the walls made of?
- the presence of additional insulation;
- how the house is illuminated by the sun;
- climatic conditions;
If your room is blowing from all the cracks, then even 3 kW per 10 m2 may not be enough for you. The path to energy saving lies in the use of high-quality materials and compliance with all construction technologies.
You should not take a boiler with a large margin, this will lead to high electricity consumption and financial costs. The margin must be 10% or 20%.
The principle of operation also affects the final power. Look at the comparison table, it will surely help you:
The best European electric boilers for home heating 50, 100 and 150 sq.m.
Europe, as you know, is a supporter of high-quality safe, but short-lived devices. A rare item can last more than 10 years. And often it just turns off and that's it - resuscitation will no longer help. But over these 10 years, the quality of work will always remain on top.
Ferroli ZEWS 9
Wall-mounted boiler designed for heating with forced circulation. The device provides for the connection of a boiler or a “warm floor” system.
Ferroli ZEWS 9
Specifications:
|
power, kWt |
9 |
|
Recommended heating area, sq.m |
100 |
|
Heater type |
heating element |
|
Voltage, V |
380 |
|
Power adjustment, kW |
multistage |
|
Dimensions, cm |
44x74x26.5 |
|
Weight |
28,6 |
|
Heat carrier temperature, °С |
30-80 |
|
Maximum water pressure in the circuit, Bar |
3 |
It can be connected to a single-phase or three-phase network with a maximum current strength of 41 A for one phase, and 14 A for three. There is a self-diagnosis system - the boiler will notify itself if something has failed or the condition is critical. In the instructions, find the error code and decide whether to fix it yourself or from the master.
Among the advantages of this model of the Italian manufacturer, it is worth highlighting the presence of a circulation pump in the kit, the ability to connect to a boiler and underfloor heating. Bribes a full-fledged protection system:
- from overheating
- freezing exception,
- safety valve,
- air vent,
- pump anti-blocking.
The cost of the device will average 34,500 rubles.
Ferroli ZEWS 9 user manual
Protherm Skat 18 KR 13
A single-circuit electric boiler, which is able to provide heat to a room of 180 square meters. meters. The heat exchanger is made of stainless steel, a boiler can be connected to the device.
Protherm Skat 18 KR 13
Specifications:
|
power, kWt |
18 |
|
Recommended heating area, sq.m |
200 |
|
Heater type |
heating element |
|
Voltage, V |
380 |
|
Power adjustment, kW |
multistage |
|
Dimensions, cm |
41x74x31 |
|
Weight |
34 |
|
Heat carrier temperature, °С |
30-80 |
|
Maximum water pressure in the circuit, Bar |
3 |
Connection to a three-phase network with a maximum current of 32 A.There is a self-diagnosis system - the boiler itself will notify if something has failed or is in a critical condition. Error codes are decoded in the instructions.
The kit includes a circulation pump, expansion tank. It is possible to connect to the boiler and underfloor heating.
The Protherm Skat 18 KR 13 model is characterized by simple and convenient control, when using room regulators, the process will become even easier. Built-in automation guarantees protection against overheating of the coolant and excess pressure in the boiler. The main advantage of the device is economical power consumption, frost protection and the possibility of self-diagnosis.
The average cost of the model is 39,900 rubles.
Instructions for use Protherm Skat 18 KR 13
Vaillant eloBLOCK VE 12
The German single-circuit electric boiler for heating a country house is light in weight, compact in size and concise in design.
Vaillant eloBLOCK VE 12
Model specifications:
|
power, kWt |
12 |
|
Recommended heating area, sq.m |
150-160 |
|
Heater type |
heating element |
|
Voltage, V |
380 |
|
Power adjustment, kW |
multistage |
|
Dimensions, cm |
41x74x3 |
|
Weight |
33 |
|
Heat carrier temperature, °С |
25-85 |
|
Maximum water pressure in the circuit, Bar |
3 |
The boiler is equipped with electronic control, which makes it easy to set up the device, and the display allows you to control the temperature of the coolant, determine error codes when diagnosing breakdowns. Connection to a three-phase network with a maximum current of 32 A. There is a self-diagnosis system - the boiler itself will notify if something has failed or is in a critical condition. Error codes are decoded in the instructions.
The kit includes a circulation pump, expansion tank. It is possible to connect to the boiler and underfloor heating.
It is also worth noting the silent operation of the device, the presence of a frost protection function, and power adjustment.
The disadvantage of the product is that the boiler is sensitive to voltage fluctuations in the mains, so the purchase of a stabilizer is required.
The price of the model is from 43,000 rubles.
User manual Vaillant eloBLOCK VE 12
VIDEO: Features of heating a house with electricity
