Principle of operation
- When water is supplied under pressure to the membrane, the pressure also increases.
- Upon reaching the desired pressure level, the relay turns off the pump.
Accordingly, the water supply is stopped.
- During the fall of the set pressure, the pump resumes operation, and water again enters the membrane.
Important! The efficiency of work depends on the size of the tank: the larger it is, the more effective the result. The frequency of the relay operation is adjustable
What is the pressure in the accumulator required to be, as well as the characteristics for achieving uninterrupted operation are indicated in the operating instructions
The frequency of the relay operation is adjustable. What the pressure in the accumulator is required to be, as well as the characteristics for achieving uninterrupted operation are indicated in the operating instructions.
The process of installing a hydraulic accumulator
Before installation, you should find what pressure in the accumulator should be.
The usual production pressure is 1.5 atm. In personal options (for example, when leaking), this parameter is miniaturized. To determine the pressure in the system, a pressure gauge and a spool are used.
Important! If the hydraulic tank is installed for domestic needs, a pressure of 1 atm will be completely normal. If the pressure gauge indicates a mark of 1.5 atm, this is also the norm.
It should be noted that the more air supply, the less water.
It is not recommended to set the pressure below or above critical values, since a very low one will lead to contact of the membrane with the walls, which will lead to rapid wear, and the highest one will become an obstacle to filling the pear with water in the required volume.
Classification of accumulators for water supply systems
Known designs of the devices under consideration are distinguished by the following indicators:
- By capacity.
Hydraulic accumulators of small (up to 40 ... 50 liters), medium (up to 120 ... 150 liters) and huge (up to 400 liters) volumes are produced. Extreme in household water supply networks are rarely used;
- By layout. There are devices installed vertically and horizontally. One layout has no clear advantages over the other. For example, vertical hydraulic accumulators occupy less installation space, but are somewhat more time-consuming in the current routine maintenance;
- By hull. Devices with a stainless steel case are produced, but there are also the cheapest versions, where the case is made of ordinary steel with the following enamel coating;
- According to the method of bleeding air for repeated pressure adjustment in the housing: it can be a special valve, or an ordinary tap (the latter option is provided in hydraulic accumulators that are designed for small volumes of water);
All components of the structure must have a certificate of hygienic compliance and have reliable anti-corrosion protection.
When choosing the size of the hydraulic accumulator, the following is taken into account:
- Maximum daily drinking water requirement.
Since this parameter is also affected by the ability of the pump supplying water, it is purposeful to select these elements of arranging the home water supply system at the same time.
- The desired water pressure in the network, on which the volume of the device will depend, as well as the strength properties of the case. For example, in cheap hydraulic accumulators, they traditionally do not exceed 2 atm, which can be dangerous for some situations.
- From the type of pump - submersible or surface. In the first case, the accumulator must be installed specifically at the pump outlet in order to prevent it from being turned on / off too often. For surface pumps that pump water into the filling tank, a hydraulic accumulator is mounted next to it.
At the same time, the higher the device is placed, the smaller volume it can be.For surface pumps, the volume of the tank can be taken as the smallest than for submersible ones.
- From the presence or absence of a check valve in the domestic water supply system. If there is no such valve, then the accumulator will have to be installed before branching the water supply circuit, and be sure to supply a pressure gauge.
- The highest permissible switching frequency (for submersible pumps), which must not be more than 25 ... 30 per hour.
How to choose a unit
The purpose, choice of volume and adjustment of the accumulator are very important for comfortable life support at home.
Parts of the accumulator and the principle of its operation
The hydraulic accumulator consists of:
- metal case;
- Special membrane made of rubber;
- Nipple (air passes through it into the tank)
- Air valve;
- Fitting (the membrane is fixed to them).
- And other design elements.
But the air itself affects the walls of the tank and the rubber membrane behind which the water is located. When the faucet opens, the water takes the path of least resistance and comes out under pressure. The flowing water frees the vessel and thereby reduces the pressure on the membrane. As soon as the pressure has decreased to a predetermined value, another sensor and pressure switch will immediately work and turn on the pump again. These manipulations are repeated over and over again.
Hydraulic tank for station and heating system
Trouble-free operation of any system is ensured by a rubber pear - a membrane. Extreme constantly exposed to air and water pressure. If any of the pressures drops, the membrane is deformed, and the service life is significantly reduced.
To prevent the formation of air pockets in the structures, special devices are used.
The technology for removing excess accumulations is used in the hydraulic accumulator 100. What pressure should be in any of their tanks, the manufacturer describes.
To calculate the usual pressure in the pumping station, you can apply the formula:
Ratm = (hmax + 6)/10,
where Ratm - low permissible value of pressure in the tank;
hmax - the highest point of water intake, m.
The calculated indicator is associated with the natural, after which adjustments are created.
What pressure should be in the heating accumulator depends on the length of the pipeline and the total pressure of the system. The technical properties of radiators (batteries, pipes) are also taken into account.
Given these characteristics, the usual pressure in a closed-type expansion tank will be from 0.2 to 0.5 bar.
Expert answers
TITO:
Why pump it up? you need some water there.
Vyacheslav Ulyankin:
Can be pumped up to any pressure
It is important to understand what you want to get. Much depends on the daily flow and peak, as well as on the highest point of the tap
Enter all parameters in specially calculated tables and get the necessary result according to the characteristics of the receiver (hydraulic accumulator). Now it’s not even clear at what height your crane is relative to the receiver. Therefore, it is impossible to say anything intelligible.
sergey zhabin:
It is not necessary to pump additional air into your accumulator. When it is filled with water at 62% of the volume, it will have a pressure of 5 kg/cm2 - sufficient to turn off the pump, and when it is activated up to 37% of the volume - 3 kg/cm2, and the pump will turn on. The volume of water from 62% to 37% is 20 liters. That is, in one cycle, from turning off the pump at max. pressure and before switching on at min. pressure you will consume 20 liters of water.
Timurat:
I have 2.4 top configured. 1.5 bottom I download at least 1.5 atm according to the instructions. Interpolate to get 3 atm, and then see how it works.
Alexey Lesyuk:
For a smooth change in water pressure during drawdown and compensation for a sharp jump in pressure when starting the pump, the pressure is set (by air) to two tens less than switching on. All measurements are made for the best calibration through the swap nipple. That is, in your case, 2.8 atm.I would like that at the same time you had well-chosen equipment and the diameters on the supply pipes did not narrow. As Yuriy pointed out above, your delta is too high. Lower the difference to a value within 1.2 -1.5 atmospheres.
Evgeny Levichev:
On the membrane tank there is a cover under which the nipple is located. Push on the spool rod - if water comes out, you will need to replace the rubber balloon inside the tank. If the water does not go, disconnect the pumping station from the network, relieve the water pressure in the system, and with the tap open somewhere (watering, bath, etc.), pump water into the damper tank. You can (and should) use a car compressor or a foot pump with a pressure gauge. The pressure in an empty (without water) tank is more than 2 atm. I do not recommend. Check the serviceability of the nipple itself after pumping and starting the pumping station.
Viktor Baranov:
either air leakage through the connections, or a pressure sensor. . The sensor can be cleaned and blown out..
Vyacheslav Shchavelev:
It is necessary to pump air into the membrane tank through the nipple to a pressure of 2-2.5 kg / sq. see and everything will work as it should.
Out of humor:
Pumped sand into the system. Understand, look. Perhaps the impeller is already deformed. If so, you will have to fork out.
Palych!:
The essence of the problem: a sharp decrease in the variable (compressible air) volume where water is injected. see expansion tank. Sand, the membrane is torn - in fact, the people have already said everything
