Do-it-yourself country toilet 48 drawings photo

Rules for placing a toilet in a summer cottage

A toilet in a summer cottage or on a land plot in a private residential sector cannot be made close to the water intake. From an ordinary well, the distance should be 50 m, and from a well with casing pipes, 30 m. If your site is located in the water protection zone of reservoirs and rivers, then this distance increases to 200 m there. In fact, residential the buildings. According to Sanpin 42-128-4690-88 "Sanitary Rules for the Maintenance of Populated Areas", yard latrines should be removed from residential buildings, all kinds of children's institutions, such as schools, kindergartens and even playgrounds.

The minimum distance is 20 m, but the distance to the toilets, even if these are yard latrines, from children's institutions should be no more than 100 m. But there are some indulgences, for private housing construction, the distance to the restroom is determined by the homeowners themselves and it is allowed to reduce this distance to 8-10 m. Just do not forget about the neighbors. They may not agree that the distance from your restroom to their house should be less than 30 m. In this case, a commission of local councils will deal with the conflict. How you can agree is a separate issue, but judicial practice shows that the court may well take your side, but, all the same, the minimum distance to the neighbor's house should not be less than 8 m, which, it should be noted, is not so small , if the neighbor's house was also built in compliance with building codes and regulations, it cannot be located closer than 3 m from the border of the plots, that is, closer than 5 m from the fence for your toilet is a restricted area.

Other important restrictions. The depth of the cesspool depends on the level of groundwater, but in any case, it should not be more than 3 m. If we remember, then in the village, when filling the pit, they simply dug a new one. It is clear that no one has concreted such pits. Today, the cesspool must be waterproof, but the rules do not even provide for pits. True, the method by which water resistance is achieved is not specified, therefore, it can be a metal caisson, and concrete rings, and so on. You simply won’t be able to transfer such a pit, therefore, a cesspool with a lid is mandatory. That is, it is assumed that the pit will be cleaned regularly.

In previous articles, I have already considered the question of for my country house and how. The availability of water at least within walking distance and the choice of a waste disposal method (including human life) are tasks that sometimes require complex engineering solutions. And the first stage in meeting these needs, as in any construction activity, is design. That is, drawing up a design scheme that takes into account not only the requirements of users, but also sanitary norms and rules.

Toilet and well

An excellent option for resolving the problem of how many meters to leave from the source of drinking water to the place of departure of natural needs is a conscious choice between the closets recommended by SNiP 30-02-97 as amended in 2018. Changes made to the legislation on summer cottages can no longer be ignored. They came into force on January 1, 2019, and according to the amendments made, the construction of a residential building is allowed on the summer cottage.

cutaway

A well, in the absence of a central water supply, reasonable people do not bring closer to the house closer than 3 meters in order to prevent damage to the foundation in the event of earthworks, but at the same time not experience inconvenience when delivering water to the building.

In addition, from such a distance it is quite simple to produce equipment for a local water supply network at minimal cost.There will be less costs for the pump, for connecting switching and the number of piping.

If the toilet is dug in the old fashioned way and is protected only by a primitive wooden box, the distance from it to the well should be at least 8 m. Although there are norms requiring a 50-meter distance. But to achieve such remoteness is possible only on large plots of land. Therefore, it is better to think about the use of modern technologies than to run fifty meters out of need in frost or rain.

outdoor toilet

The play closet requires a special permit, and the sanitary inspection will carefully monitor both the location standards and the quality of construction.

But this is not a cheap and problematic construction, which does not give special guarantees even when choosing high-quality materials. Powder-closet, in which feces are sprinkled with special substances, after a year allows the use of excrement to fertilize the garden.

flower decoration

The easiest way out when determining the distance is to obtain a building permit by drawing up a preliminary scheme. This will comply with the norms of the law and eliminate errors in the location of objects on the land.

Pit requirements

The design of a country toilet in most cases involves the construction of a cesspool

It is important to carry out construction work to create a structure after agreement with the sanitary and epidemiological station. It is important to equip a reservoir or a cesspool, taking into account all sanitary standards for a summer cottage or a private house in a village

The device of a settling pit requires compliance with a certain distance from the construction site to all nearby buildings and structures. Proper placement of the toilet allows you to maintain sanitary safety in any area where a country house, cottage or cottage is located. Digging a hole is necessary in all cases, with the exception of the construction of a dry closet or backlash closet.

Usually a country toilet involves the arrangement of a cesspool and an above-ground part. The waterproof structure must be completely sealed. The calculation of the capacity depends on the number of people living in the country house.

The size of the reservoir is also affected by the amount of wastewater generated during the day. The container must not be filled with sewage to a level exceeding 35 cm from the ground.

Location norms

The norms by which it is necessary to locate a septic tank from various objects and buildings differ depending on:

site destination:
sanitary standards;
fire regulations.

The procedure for the construction of a septic tank:

Determination of the location of objects on the site.
Obtaining permission from Rospotrebnadzor to install a septic tank.
Verification of compliance with the norms for the location of all objects, including the source of drinking water, on the site.
Site building.

Important! The law prohibits the installation of a septic tank without obtaining permission from the authorized body. And the development of the site must be coordinated with the department of architecture and construction

without pit

An outdoor toilet in a country house without a cesspool is built much faster and easier. To collect waste, a sealed tank is provided here, traditionally placed under the seat. Solving the problem of which toilet to choose for a country house with a storage capacity comes down to considering various options for recycling waste and neutralizing stench.

The following types of village toilets without a cesspool are most popular:

Toilets on the street and in the country without a cesspool have a number of advantages:

When arranging, there is no need to dig and seal the pit.
Money is saved on calling a vacuum truck and arranging a convenient access road for a car.
It takes very little time to install.
After processing, the waste can be used to fertilize the soil.

Requirements for a dry country peat toilet

For a country peat toilet, it is recommended to use peat, because the bacteria contained in it contribute to the active decomposition of natural human biological waste. In just a few weeks, they turn them into quality garden fertilizer.

It is important that after each visit to such a toilet, cover the waste with a layer of peat, this will ensure better composting. For a dry toilet in the country, only dry peat is needed

It should be poured into a container next to the toilet seat, and be sure to put it on the bottom of a clean bucket, so that it will be easier to clean the container later. If necessary, instead of a bucket, you can use a tank from half a barrel, so the volume can be increased to 100 liters. A home-made peat biological toilet can be built in cases where there are no necessary conditions for a cesspool, a septic tank, and water supply to the toilet.

If sawdust is used instead of peat in a dry garden toilet, then the desired effect of rapid composting of waste is unlikely to be achieved. Sawdust is recommended to be used in half mixed with peat in the presence of a large receiving capacity (50-100 l). When using sawdust, aeration of the substrate improves. Food waste, plant debris, tops, leaves, weeds and other household waste often fall into the compost pit. When their layer reaches 20-30 cm, it must be sprinkled with peat, sand or dry garden soil, and then it can be poured abundantly with fecal slurry. It should be borne in mind that the addition of faeces to the compost mixture, along with dry garden debris, leaves and other organic matter, for hygienic reasons, is possible only if the composting process is carefully controlled.

In no case should the spread of flies be allowed, so the pile should be covered with a film, firmly fixed on the sides of the pit so that the wind does not blow it away.

The only disadvantage of a dry toilet is the regular transfer of the storage tank to the compost pit after each filling. Large bins filled with waste are quite heavy. To make emptying the container easier, it is recommended to use a standard wheeled waste container.

For a simple do-it-yourself biological toilet, you can use a large bucket, a litter bag, and cat litter. To do this, you need to make a wooden toilet seat based on a large bucket, then put a large garbage bag into it and attach it to the toilet seat using water tape.

As you use the toilet, you need to pour cat litter into the bag. After filling, the bag should be half-tightened with a loop and removed. Then it can be put in a far corner to rot or immediately emptied into a compost pit. In its place, you need to put on a new bag. The procedure for changing the bag should be carried out with gloves.

Which toilet to choose for giving a garden dry powder closet

A dry toilet (powder-closet) is a small structure in which there is an ordinary wooden toilet seat with a lid, and under it there is an easily removable container. A container with peat, sawdust or other dry material for powdering (dusting) sewage is installed next to the toilet seat after each visit to the toilet. Ash, dry peat or peat chips can also be used for such dusting of waste. With a lack of these components in this type of toilets for summer cottages, it is allowed to use a mixture of these materials with dry garden soil. This process of powdering gave rise to the name of this type of toilet.

With the help of powder, you can get rid of an unpleasant smell, prevent the reproduction of flies and get a complete fertilizer.

A properly equipped dry toilet, when used correctly, will be the most suitable low-cost option to operate.The principle of operation of the sewerage of such a toilet is the action of gravity in the presence of a natural slope.

Every 3-4 days, the filled container must be carefully removed through the rear side door and emptied into a compost pit or into a special tank, where the contents should be covered with peat or sawdust.

If the toilet is used by 4-5 people or more, it is recommended to empty the container more often. It is advisable to remove the contents daily to make it easier to lift the container. Subsequently, compost can be obtained from it, suitable for fertilizing the garden.

When deciding which toilet to make in the country, keep in mind that building a powder closet, along with the cost of a galvanized or enameled bucket, is considered the cheapest option. In addition, there is another advantage of this type of toilet: no approvals are required for its construction.

An important feature of the powder closet is the absence of a cesspool, therefore only this type of toilet is allowed to be built even with a high level of groundwater

A powder closet in the country is an ideal summer option, especially if a large number of plants are grown on the site for which fertilizer is supposed to be used, because the contents of the storage tank of such a toilet can easily be moved to a compost heap.

A dry toilet for a summer residence can be located anywhere on the site; it is allowed to combine it with a bathhouse or other outbuildings. In addition, it can be located near a residential building or in an annex under the same roof with it, provided there is adequate ventilation.

A country dry toilet is very convenient if there is no water supply network on the site. When using peat or peat powder to dust the waste, a kind of homemade peat biological toilet is obtained, which has its own significant advantages over the traditional pit latrine.

At the same time, you do not need to spend extra money on the purchase of a plastic peat dry closet.

It is necessary to have a compost pit in the summer cottage, since almost all biological toilets found on sale need access to a sewer or compost pit.

Distance to pit latrine for 2019

For holiday villages, sanitary standards have been adjusted to take into account the constant complaints and disputes of neighbors about discomfort from neighboring toilets. According to SNiP 30-02-97 as amended in 2018 and SP 53.13330.2011, on the territory of summer cottages, rural and urban settlements, toilets with cesspool-type pits should be installed at a distance of 12 m instead of 8–10 m.

Their construction for a holiday village requires permission from the SES at the design stage. Instead of traditional houses above the pit, it is recommended to build septic tanks and install dry closets with the processing of feces into odorless inorganic substances with special compositions, as well as powder toilets with the processing of feces into dry matter. There are norms for the installation of powder closets with the collection of waste in powder boxes, drying the contents and processing into inorganic fertilizer.

Scheme of distances from the fence in the sections of SNT and IZHS

If you have a home sewer and the types of pits recommended by SNiP, you can put the toilet closer. Separation from the neighbor's house of a dry closet and a septic tank is allowed 6 m, for a powder closet - 8 m.

The distance from the toilet to the neighboring residential building should be measured 12 m, as well as to your own. According to changes in SNiP, the permissible distance to the playground and cellar remains from 8 meters.

The layout of buildings according to the rules and regulations

Based on SanPiN 42-128-4690-88, for places where the size of the plots does not allow maintaining the distance to yard toilets and pits for waste disposal, the norms are set by a commission that includes representatives of:

quarterly committee.
District architecture.
SES - Sanitary and epidemiological stations.
Housing and maintenance department.

Based on the results of the inspection of the sites, the commission draws up an act with recommendations on the layout of allotments and changes in the minimum distances between residential buildings and toilets. Documents are submitted to the executive committee or village council for approval.

Chalet

In rural areas or in the countryside, in cities and towns, an outdoor public toilet should be located at a distance of 20 to 100 m from public buildings, schools and shops.

Regulations for the placement of a country toilet

In accordance with paragraph 6.8 of SNiP 30-02-97 *, the distance from the residential building to the toilet on the site should be 12 m or more. According to the norms, the distance from the bath, sauna or shower is at least 8 m. The same distance should separate the cesspool from the well in the garden plot of IZHS or in SNT.

The object can be erected from the fence provided for the separation of the neighboring site, at a distance of not less than 1 m. In this case, the fence itself must be of a standard height and installed in accordance with the law of the Russian Federation and all the rules for a private house.

The required distances should be observed between buildings erected in neighboring areas. If the cesspool is placed incorrectly, the following unpleasant consequences can be expected:

Disgusting odors harmful to human health.
The development of dangerous bacteria that infect the soil.
The need for frequent pumping of wastewater.
Deterioration of drinking water.

The building must be provided with a ventilation outlet. It must have a diameter of more than 10 cm. From the surface of the earth, the exit should be located at a distance of at least 70 cm

It is important to properly lay the sewer pipeline. The design during operation will require mandatory repair and maintenance

The construction of a structure with a cesspool in a country house made of wood or brick will not take much time. You can do all the work with ease, but the main point is not to violate the rules for placing the structure. It would be useful to warn the neighbor about the construction of a new facility on the site, which will make it possible to avoid unforeseen conflicts in the future.

What else to consider

The placement of the pit should be optimal, which will minimize the risk of emergencies associated with contamination of the soil and the spread of an unpleasant odor.

Before starting construction, it is important to critically assess the situation

Sanitary standards should be observed unquestioningly, otherwise the incorrect installation of the object leads to the imposition of fines in the amount of 3-5 thousand rubles. Building a separate country toilet will save a lot of time and money.

About country amenities

But no matter how the owners of a country house formulate their preferences, there is one thing that unites both an avid florist and a lover of a bathhouse and barbecue. Something that is sure to be on any site, even the smallest one. This . With the erection of this structure, the development of the site and the construction of the house begin.

Depending on the conditions and financial possibilities in country estates are different. Actually, the differences lie in the method of utilization of natural products of human life. The diagram shows the general classification of latrines.