Heating radiators, types and types of heating radiators

Technical specifications

Paying attention primarily to the appearance and cost of the radiator, however, do not forget that the technical and operational characteristics of the device should come first. Not every heating battery, both imported and domestic, will withstand the operating conditions in existing domestic heating networks

The centralized heating system, which we inherited from the Soviet Union, is characterized by: fluctuations in pressure and temperature, as well as poor quality of the coolant (water). The design temperature for a single-pipe open domestic system in high-rise buildings is 105 degrees Celsius, the pressure is 10 atmospheres. However, these parameters sometimes go off scale when starting the heating system after the summer period, which leads to water hammer, which some heating devices from foreign manufacturers are not designed for.

Not every heating battery, both imported and domestic, will withstand the operating conditions in operating domestic heating networks. The centralized heating system, which we inherited from the Soviet Union, is characterized by: fluctuations in pressure and temperature, as well as poor quality of the coolant (water). The design temperature for a single-pipe open domestic system in high-rise buildings is 105 degrees Celsius, the pressure is 10 atmospheres. However, these parameters sometimes go off scale when starting the heating system after the summer period, which leads to water hammer, which some heating devices from foreign manufacturers are not designed for.

It is necessary to pay attention to the permissible temperature and pressure of the coolant in the heating system, which are indicated in the passport of the heater

Another fundamental parameter for a heating battery is its heat transfer. This characteristic affects the efficiency of heating the air in the room and depends on the material used in the design. It is well known that the heat transfer of steel is lower than that of aluminum, and copper is better than cast iron in this indicator. But, based on any one technical parameter, it will not be entirely true. It is necessary to comprehensively evaluate all the pros and cons of each type of heating device in order to opt for the best option.

How to determine the required diameter of the lines

When calculating the heating of a private house, you should, of course, calculate this indicator. If the diameter of the mains is chosen incorrectly, the system will not work effectively. To buy suitable pipes, you must first decide:

with the thermal power of the system;

optimal pressure of the coolant.

The first indicator is calculated by the formula Q=(V*Δt*K)*860, where V is the volume of the room, Δt is the difference between the air temperatures in the room and outside, K is the correction factor (depends on the degree of insulation of the building and is determined by a special table) .

The optimal speed of the coolant in the system is 0.36-0.7 m/s. The obtained value of thermal power and the selected pressure indicator should simply be substituted into the table for determining the diameter of the pipes.

As for the material of highways, in our time, both in small country houses and in cottages, metal-plastic is usually used. However, if desired, steel or even expensive and very durable copper pipes can be installed in a private residential building.

Expensive, beautiful and functional heating radiators

Steel tubular radiators are more expensive than steel panel appliances, but interest in them is due to the high level of diverse design solutions.The inner surface of most models of tubular radiators is protected from corrosion by a polymer layer, which increases their service life. For such devices, there are practically no restrictions in use, except that it is worth refraining from using them in a high-pressure central heating system.

Aluminum heating radiators look great, they will look great in any chic interior. Aluminum batteries are lightweight, have high heat dissipation, there are even models, mainly from Italian manufacturers (Fondital, Sira, Global, IPS), that can be used at high pressure in the heating system. But a common problem for all aluminum radiators is their demands on the quality of the coolant. When operating these heaters, it is necessary to maintain the acidity of the coolant in a very narrow range, which is often impossible not only when using them in a central heating system, but also with autonomous heating.

The best solution for a city apartment or for a country cottage would be bimetallic radiators that have an outer aluminum or copper surface, and their internal devices are durable steel pipes through which the coolant moves. In terms of strength and reliability, bimetallic radiators are not inferior to cast iron ones, they can withstand pressures of more than 25 atm. And aesthetically, they can compete with aluminum radiators.

Rating of heating radiators for an apartment

Battery replacement is ideally done once and for all life, or at least for 20 years. If you want the devices to serve for a long time, carefully approach the choice of the manufacturer. The reliability of the device, the quality of its work will largely depend on this. Regardless of how much a heating radiator in an apartment costs, be sure to ask the manufacturer for certificates confirming the originality of the heat exchangers.

Particularly noteworthy are the products of the Italian brand Global, Sira. Models are not cheap, but the quality justifies the price. The devices have a classic look, made of bimetal or aluminum. The advantage lies in the cost-effectiveness and high heat transfer of the installations. The following brands also received good customer reviews:

Kermi - excellent German quality and conciseness of forms;
Arbonia - an original design that will allow these appliances to become a decoration of the room;
Smart - inexpensive branded China is quite worthy of attention;
Rifar is a domestic manufacturer that deserves attention.

We check which radiators are suitable for apartment heating

Batteries made of steel - fell, attacked by great pressure

Steel radiators are distinguished by their low weight and thickness. Good heat dissipation and low water volume make them economical and efficient. And yes, they are inexpensive. But in terms of pressure, they “let us down” - they can withstand only 6-8 atmospheres. They are not suitable for apartments, period.

Aluminum radiators - eaten away by corrosion, burst from water hammer

These radiators look nice, and 190 watts of thermal power pleases the consumer. However, wait, the inhabitants of the apartments - it's too early to rejoice. Hot water with chemical impurities and high acidity quickly “eats” batteries from the inside. After all, aluminum is too active. And he can't handle the pressure. The average operating pressure is up to 16 atmospheres. A water hammer can destroy even a brand new aluminum radiator.

Bimetallic batteries - good for everyone, only roads

This is one of the newest developments of heating devices. Such radiators are called bimetallic - after all, they contain two metals. It can be, in particular, aluminum and steel, or aluminum and copper.

Manufacturers guarantee that such batteries will last at least forty years. For an apartment, they are suitable in all respects, as you can see.

They can withstand temperatures up to 130 degrees.
Their working pressure is declared up to 30 - 50 atmospheres, depending on the manufacturer and model. With them, you can stop being afraid of water hammer.
The anti-corrosion outer and inner primer makes the batteries durable and resistant to destruction.
Light weight makes installation, carrying and transportation of such batteries easy.

Alas, not everyone can buy such an expensive device. And if you are offered something similar at a reasonable price - do not believe it. The fake is put up. If you really buy, then the products of proven brands - the Russian company Rifar, Italian - Sira or Global. There are also good Chinese manufacturers. They, like Russian ones, have a slightly lower price than radiators from Europe.

Good old cast iron - takes on a second life

Fifty years, no less, is measured to live such a battery. In vain do some manufacturers of new products claim that it is high time to forget about this "junk". Thinking for a long time about which heating radiators to choose for an apartment, many people stop at cast-iron batteries. They won’t “throw out tricks” when they come into contact with dirty domestic water in the heating system. This metal is chemically passive, and it is not afraid of either high acidity or the presence of chemical additives in the coolant. And no abrasive will damage thick walls. So cast iron for an apartment (especially in an old house) is very good.

Cast iron radiators are distinguished by the fact that they keep heat for a very long time - the residual number of its preservation is 30 percent. And for all other types of batteries, this figure is half that
Heat transfer due to the radiant heating method is much more efficient than when using convection (as in bimetallic and aluminum products. Cast iron radiators heat not only the air, but also nearby objects.
When draining water from the system in the summer, cast-iron batteries will not rust - this is a significant plus.
A large heat transfer area is another plus.
The pressure drops that central heating sins with, cast iron usually tolerates well. The working pressure can reach up to nine to twelve atmospheres. But it does not always withstand high-power water hammers - the fragility of this metal fails.
The cost of these devices is usually lower than bimetallic radiators. Sometimes this is the determining factor.

These radiators are heavy, of course, which causes some inconvenience during their installation. Well, yes, a priori cast iron cannot be easy. But after all, this weight turns into a large wall thickness, which gives the radiators the necessary strength. Having installed cast-iron radiators once (and specially trained people - plumbers will do this), you can forget about replacing them for many years.

The appearance of cast-iron radiators today is no longer as miserable as in Soviet times. Very attractive outwardly figured casting batteries, made in the “retro” style, have appeared, which harmonize very well with refined rooms. For example, we can mention the products of Roca and Konner.

True, the cost of such miracle batteries is quite high. Ukrainian, Russian and Belarusian models are more budgetary, many of which must be painted before use. But they also look quite decent, their design fits into the interiors of modern apartments.

copper heatsink

This type of battery is not the most popular, largely due to inflated prices. But in view of their technical characteristics, these models can seriously compete with bimetallic models.

What is their advantage? In fact, these products are made from high quality copper. No impurities are added to it, which affects the increase in the strength of the device.

Sectional model of a bimetallic radiator

Also, copper radiators have many advantages that distinguish them from other models. For example, high efficiency.Compared to cast iron radiators, the power of copper batteries is 5 times higher. They heat up a room in just minutes, while consuming minimal energy.

Copper is a material that can prevent the formation of various pathogens that can harm human health.

These units can be installed both in apartments with a central heating system, as well as in multi-storey buildings with individual heating. It is also worth noting that such models are not afraid of serious water hammer.

They can be used with high-temperature media that can be heated up to one and a half thousand degrees Celsius.

Copper perfectly "gets along" with antifreeze. If the radiator is covered with copper, then it does not need to be processed in the form of painting, which has a positive effect on heat transfer.

Copper is resistant to corrosion. You can also note the long service life. Copper batteries always look attractive. You can also note the variety of different styles, types, shapes and sizes, which allows you to fit a copper radiator into a modern interior.

Consequences of water hammer

Finally, another plus is high efficiency. This criterion is very important when choosing a radiator.

There are also disadvantages that are inherent in a copper radiator. Among these shortcomings, one can single out the high cost, as well as the requirements that apply to the material of the pipes. These requirements also apply to the quality of the coolant.

Battery installation

Copper batteries can only be connected to copper pipes. Otherwise, a chemical process will begin to appear, which can lead to corrosion, as well as the destruction of products.

What choice do you make when choosing a radiator for an apartment? You can take into account not only the technical characteristics, but also the operating conditions of the central heating system. This determines the choice of details.

There are many more criteria that you should look at when choosing radiators. For example, operating pressure

You can find out its value in the product passport, and you need to pay attention not only to this factor. Remember that the indicated figure can be exceeded by almost one and a half times.

It is necessary to take into account not only this moment, but also the operational features of your utilities. After all, it is precisely the differences in operating pressure that can cause the failure of modern radiators.

In five-story houses, which are made in the old layout, the pressure can reach up to 8 atmospheres. At the same time, modern high-rise buildings can boast a pressure of 15 atmospheres.

Therefore, it is important that your radiator withstands water hammer. In order to protect products from water hammer in apartments, it is important to objectively evaluate the work of public utilities, and also give preference when choosing those models that can boast a high degree of resistance to water hammer.

Which cast iron radiators are better

Difficult question. Each person has their own requirements and evaluation criteria. It is worth looking at them.

If the main thing for you is quality, and the price is secondary, you should choose from the range of European manufacturers. The Czech campaign Viadrus deserved very good reviews. They know how to work with cast iron: they make boilers and radiators. There are no problems with the quality of casting or painting: all technologies have been worked out and tested over the years of operation.

German campaigns are traditionally good. Germany has very strict regulations regarding the construction industry and building materials. And if a product has been tested at home, then its quality is guaranteed.

Products of the German company Guratec

All of the above does not mean that others are worse. You need to carefully read the information provided by developers and sellers, compare and evaluate, look for consumer reviews and expert opinions.

If you want good quality, but the budget is not so wide, pay attention to the Belarusian cast-iron batteries of the Minsk Plant. There are also standard MS-140s and their restylings.

Yes, they are not painted, but primed. But you yourself can paint them to match the walls (use heat-resistant paint).

Russian-made radiators also showed themselves well. There are basically four factories:

radiator price Nizhny Tagil,
OJSC "Santekhlit" in the Bryansk region,
Descartes LLC in Novosibirsk,
Cheboksary Aggregate Plant.

But geographic location also plays a role. What is closer, then, most likely, will be your choice.

There are good quality Chinese cast iron radiators on the market

It is important to choose well-known brands that have been supplying products for years. No “new, but very good”, etc.

Only those that already have a name and whose products are already known. Yes, they are not the cheapest. But it has long been known how many times you have to pay for cheap things. Good reviews have "Chinese" Sti "Nova" and "Breeze", Konner (Conner). With Conner, by the way, it is not clear whether these are Italian radiators, Russian or Chinese: the office is in Italy, the radiators are developed and exported by a company from St. Petersburg, and the factory is located in China. This is not an easy situation. However, the reviews are positive.

The company has a good reputation in the market

If you decide to install cast-iron radiators, then we can please you: there are practically no cases of quick failure of radiators due to poor quality.

There is a casting defect: microfistulas, which, in theory, should be rejected at the stage of checking the section at the plant. But after installing any radiator, before connecting it to the system, it is pressure tested (testing at elevated pressure), so it is at this stage that a marriage is detected, which usually changes without talking. The percentage of marriage is about 0.5-1% (this is among the “verified” Chinese, among ours and Europeans, marriage is extremely rare in the network). In all other cases, possible malfunctions are leaking gaskets or loose nipples.

Complete destruction of cast-iron batteries is possible only with strong water hammer. But here the point is not in quality, but in correctly selected parameters or an emergency. The second possible variant of the gap is the defrost of the system. But these cases are the exception rather than the rule. For the entire practice of plumbing, this is one or two cases. So cast iron is the most reliable option.

The choice of cast iron radiators is much wider than aluminum and bimetal combined. There, if something changes, then only the shape of the air ducts and ribs, everything else is standard. From cast iron, there are batteries so different that you just wonder. So you can forget about the old "harmonica".

Overview of different types

Before you purchase equipment so valuable for a comfortable life, you should analyze all the properties of radiators from different materials and understand which ones are better to choose for heating your private home.

Real "veterans" of the market. They are characterized by high performance, impressive durability and resistance to various kinds of loads. They have proven themselves when used in systems with high operating pressures - on average up to 10 bar.

The sections of such batteries have a fairly large volume and thick walls, which guarantees a fairly highly efficient heating. The service life of cast iron appliances in most cases significantly exceeds the 50-year indicator.

The heat transfer indicators of 1 section of the device can vary on average from 100 to 200 watts. The specific value is determined by the size of the compartment. Comparative characteristics of cast iron and bimetallic radiators you can see in this article.

In general, cast-iron batteries, known for their almost absolute resistance to contacts with low-quality coolants, are very popular among domestic consumers - operating features affect.

Radiators made of this material have proven themselves in private housing construction. The design features and raw materials are such that the finished product weighs much less compared to the previously considered cast-iron counterpart and has less thick walls, which ensures faster heating of the unit.

Modern steel batteries can be used in systems with a working pressure of up to 10 atm and a temperature of no more than +150 degrees. Models with horizontal and vertical channels are available for sale.

Additional advantages of such devices include a wide range of design solutions - batteries from the factory can have a variety of colors, which allows them to organically fit into any interior.

Aluminum

Aluminum products compare favorably with their "brothers" in light weight, elegance and high heat transfer rates. Such products combine 2 mechanisms of heat transfer: through convection and radiation, which makes them the most efficient devices for heating residential premises. At the same time, the permissible operating pressure in the system is also impressive - up to 18 atm.

Aluminum is characterized by high heat dissipation, which allows for the most efficient heating. In general, when using aluminum batteries, approximately 20-30% savings in thermal resource consumption are noted compared to devices made from other materials.

Bimetallic

Products are manufactured using high-strength steel (internal manifold) and aluminum (external part of the product) at the same time. In terms of operating pressure indicators, bimetallic batteries significantly exceed the previously considered options - up to 35 atm.

The combined use of aluminum and steel in the design of devices has made it possible to significantly increase their resistance to contact with a coolant, as well as their strength, resistance to corrosion damage, and heat transfer performance. At the same time, the units have relatively compact dimensions and, in general, a neat appearance.

Bimetallic heating radiators are characterized by relative ease of installation and are equally well combined with centralized and autonomous heating systems. How to calculate how many radiator sections you need, see here.

The design of the device is represented by seamless copper pipe. Other metals are not used in the manufacture of such units. The pipe diameter is about 2.8 cm. Additionally, there are copper fins and a decorative casing, usually made of solid wood.

In terms of thermal conductivity, copper exceeds aluminum by about 2 times, and cast iron and steel by an average of 5-6 times. In combination with low inertia, the radiator provides fast and efficient heating of the serviced premises.

The volume of the battery holds a little water, so that the unit warms up for 3-5 minutes. The mentioned property is especially relevant for autonomous heating systems - this eliminates the need for constant heating and "running" large volumes of coolant through the pipeline, as, for example, in the case of cast iron batteries.

Copper is resistant to corrosion. shows itself well when working in combination with a coolant with a low temperature, is characterized by high plasticity and resistance to aggressive media.

How to choose a heating radiator for an apartment

When the main characteristics of the devices are indicated, it is easier to decide

Regardless of which batteries you like for heating an apartment, when making a purchase, you need to take into account everything from the footage of the rooms to the installation site. Do not forget about the dubious quality of the coolant: it is better to play it safe once again

Check out practical tips that will help you understand which radiators are best placed in an apartment:

It is necessary to calculate the power of the installation for your premises. The required value is equal to the product of the volume and the required heat flow for standard buildings (0.41 kW).
Find out the amount of coolant in the system. If there is little water, then it is better to give preference to steel, aluminum or bimetallic models.In cases where heating with natural circulation is planned, choose cast iron.
Determine the installation location. The size of the systems and the required heat transfer will largely depend on this.
For a room with 1 window and external walls, the power of the device must be increased by 20-30%.

Calculation of power, number of sections

Before choosing a heating battery for an apartment, it is necessary to calculate how many sections should be installed in each particular room and determine the power and pressure indicator of this device. This is done as follows:

Choosing the power of the radiator

In this case, the following points must be taken into account:

Type of building (brick or panel).
The area of the heated room.
number of windows.
The presence of external walls.
Type of glazing in the apartment (double-glazed windows or wooden windows).

According to the standard, in a room with a ceiling height of 3 m, which has one window with a wooden frame and one door, a radiator with a power of 90-125 W per 1 m 2 is usually placed.

Useful information: To choose the battery of optimal power for the room for ease of calculation, you need to multiply its area by 100 watts.

If there is one window and two external walls, this figure should be increased by 20%.

In the presence of two windows and two external walls - by 30%.

If the window is located on the north or northeast side: + 10%.

When placing a radiator in a niche: + 5%.

With a solid screen on the battery: + 15%.

Decide on the number of sections

The average power of a section of radiators of various types:

There is another option for calculating how to choose the number of sections of the heating battery so that it is comfortable in the heated room, which is considered more accurate. This calculation is also made taking into account their heat transfer. At the same time, not the area of \u200b\u200bthe room is used as a unit of space, but its “cubic capacity”, that is, the volume of air mass that is to be heated. Each room is calculated separately: first, the power of the heater is selected, and then the number of its sections is calculated.

Considering that 39-41 W of energy is needed to heat 1 m 3 of the air space of a living room, in order to heat a room with an area of 10 m 2 with a ceiling height of 3.0 m, 1230 W is needed.

We calculate the cubic capacity: 3 x 10 \u003d 30 m 3.
We determine the energy consumption: 41 x 30 \u003d 1230 watts.

Let's agree that each section of a modern heating battery produces approximately 200 W of energy. That is, to calculate the optimal number of sections, you need 1230:200 = 6.15 sections. Rounding up. It turns out that in a room with a cubic capacity of 30 m 3 you need to install a radiator with 7 sections.

Useful information: When installing a battery in a corner-type room, a heat loss coefficient (1.1-1.3) is added to the formula for calculating the number of sections, the value of which must correspond to the climatic zone. The result will be: 1230 1.3: 200 = 7.995. That is, a radiator of 8 sections is suitable for such a room.

Dealing with working pressure

When purchasing heating radiators, you need to take into account the indicator of their working pressure, which should be higher than the pressure of the heating system at home

This is especially important when conducting hydraulic tests, when the load on the system is particularly intense. For batteries of various types, it has its own meaning:

For cast iron - 6-12 atm.
For aluminum - 16-20 atm.
Bimetallic ones have 35 atm.
For steel - 6-10 atm.

With self-assembly, it is important to know how to properly connect the heating battery and what schemes exist. About the need for an expansion tank in the heating systems of private houses, as well as about its installation, we have a separate article

About the need for an expansion tank in the heating systems of private houses, as well as about its installation, we have a separate article.

Which heating batteries are best for an apartment

Radiators differ in the level of heat transfer, service life and price. The determining factor in the quality of the installation is the material of manufacture. The most popular types of heating batteries in an apartment are:

The principle of operation of the design is simple. Hot water is the predominant heat carrier. The connection is made through a pipe. Under the influence of heat, the surface of the installation begins to heat up, and the room temperature increases. Depending on the material of manufacture and the design of the panels, water radiators cool down faster or slower.

In cast iron installations, hot water enters from one side and exits from the other. To carry out such work, a large amount of coolant is needed. The principle of operation of steel, aluminum and bimetallic heat exchangers has a slight difference. Inside each section there is a thin tube that is filled with hot water. Due to the air cushion that forms inside, the thermal conductivity of such batteries is higher. Only 350 g of water is needed to start the system, which simplifies installation.

To understand which radiators are best suited for heating an apartment, you should familiarize yourself with the main characteristics of each type. The battery - a universal installation for heating commercial, industrial and residential buildings - has its own characteristics depending on the material of manufacture. By comparing the pros and cons, you will find the best option.

Bimetal radiators

Devices are made of steel and aluminum. The installation is very durable, has a high thermal conductivity. The attractive look of the batteries makes them the best option for the office, home. The system is a construction of vertical steel tubes, which are covered with aluminum on the outside. Such a heat exchanger is resistant to corrosion, durable. If you miss the temperature, then you can always attach another section to the bimetallic battery.

Aluminum

The units are characterized by high heat dissipation and attractive design. Compared to the previous version, their price is more affordable. If you are interested in replacing heating radiators in apartments, the aluminum version is the best fit. Mounting them is easy. Batteries are installed in autonomous and central heating systems. For more economical energy consumption, it is recommended to use thermostatic valves.

If you do not know which radiators are best for central heating, then choose this option. The design is ideal for a cyclic type heating system. The installation is reliable and will last for many years. The disadvantages include a relatively small heat transfer, rapid cooling of the systems. It is very bulky, so it requires special skills to install. Such heat exchangers are inexpensive, which makes them very popular.

Affordable and practical systems remain in demand to this day. They are installed in cottages, apartments, commercial premises. The degree of heat transfer is very high. If the power of the system is incorrectly calculated or the temperature of the coolant is low, a one-piece iron structure can become a problem. It is impossible to modernize it, so you have to change the entire structure. The cost of steel batteries is low.

How to choose radiators for an apartment

Now, knowing the weaknesses of central heating, you can already imagine what requirements good batteries must meet. Let's list them.

1. For radiators, the pressure declared by the manufacturer must exceed the pressure (both working and one and a half times higher - test pressure) in the heating system. Let's take the numbers as an example. In five-story houses of the old layout, this parameter is not more than 5 - 8 atmospheres. Multi-storey buildings of a modern type are heated under pressure up to 12 - 15 atmospheres.

2. Separately, we note the ability to resist water hammer.Because, living in an apartment, it is difficult to protect yourself from pressure surges in heating, it is better to prevent trouble in advance. By the way - if you often hear buzzing and clicking in the batteries, contact the utility. The pressure seems to be "playing around" in the system.

The quality of water in the domestic heating system is unimportant, so the batteries must withstand its “chemical attack” with honor without collapsing. It is necessary to use radiators with a special coating on the inside or a chemically neutral material for the walls

And their thickness must be such that particles of sand and small pebbles do not rub it, acting like sandpaper.

4. When deciding which radiators are best for an apartment, let's not forget about their main function - to heat. That is, it is preferable to choose devices that have more heat transfer.

Let's not ignore the design of radiators - few people will be satisfied with the ugly cast-iron monsters of a miserable shape, which were everywhere in Soviet times. I would like the batteries to harmoniously complement the decoration of the rooms - today it is quite real

6. The last parameter is the duration of the service. There are no comments needed here. The less often you have to mess with the installation of these bulky and rather expensive devices, the more profitable it is for the owners.

Rating of heating radiators for an apartment

Kermi - excellent German quality and conciseness of forms;
Arbonia - an original design that will allow these appliances to become a decoration of the room;
Smart - inexpensive branded China is quite worthy of attention;
Rifar is a domestic manufacturer that deserves attention.

Bimetallic batteries

When answering the question of which heating radiator is best for a private house, it is worth thinking about purchasing a model of this type in the first place. Bimetallic batteries are currently perhaps the most popular type of such equipment. The design of radiators of this type includes elements made of two types of metal - aluminum and steel (or copper). Hence their name. The advantages of bimetallic radiators, among other things, include:

the ability to withstand very high coolant pressure (up to 35 atm) and water hammer;

attractive appearance;

durability (can last up to 25 years).

In general, bimetallic heating radiators for a private house are best suited. Reviews of models of this type available on the network clearly indicate this. Owners of suburban real estate consider such equipment to be very high quality, easy to install and operate. In appearance, such radiators resemble aluminum ones, but at the same time they are much more reliable. Their design is such that they look like a monolithic product. Since the performance of such batteries is better than that of aluminum, they are slightly more expensive (by about 25%).