A range of wood-burning fireboxes from Saga. Fireplaces
Inexpensive fireboxes
Wood-burning furnace Cheminees Diffusion A 1 is a French firebox with a power of 14 kW, weight 82 kg, dimensions (WxHxD) - 690x696x351 mm.
The Cheminees Diffusion A 2.2 Etanche firebox is a 12 kW cast iron firebox, the same dimensions as the previous model, without raising the glass.
Wood burning furnace Cheminees Philippe B 1-2 with gate - cast-iron assembly body, the presence of a rotary gate to increase the burning time of the fuel, power 12 kW, weight 112 kg, WxHxD - 695x770x415 mm.
Wood-burning furnace Cheminees Diffusion C 6 is a furnace with a nominal power of 15 kW, WxHxD - 770x880x504 mm, weight 143 kg, with the function of adjusting the combustion air supply and a flame diffuser-deflector to increase the efficiency of the fireplace.
Cheminees Diffusion B 5-2 firebox with turbine - cast iron firebox with a rated power of 10 kW, a retractable ash box, side-opening glass with a self-cleaning function, 2 two-speed fans and 2 nozzles for forced convection. Support for long burning mode.
Compliance with the exact dimensions of the fireplace is the key to its reliability. Despite the variety of appearance, purchased products have standardized sizes. For high-quality combustion and the output of the derivative of the process, the presence of an oxygen influx is necessary. At the same time, its quantity should ensure the removal of smoke from the furnace exclusively into the chimney.
Calculation example
To understand the calculation method, it is worth considering it with an example - this will allow you to later calculate how many bricks you need per oven, but for an individual project. Regardless of the perimeter of the stove, its first row is still fully laid out - for example, 4x4 bricks, i.e. for a monolithic first row, 32 bricks are required.
To continue the calculation of bricks per oven, you need to determine the number of rows, for which the height of the room must be known. A standard single brick has a height of 65 mm, and the thickness of the seam between rows is 5 mm. As a result, it turns out that the total thickness of one row is 7 cm. With a room height of 2.8 m, 30 cm per fire structure is subtracted from this value, and the calculated value of the stove as a result is 2.5 m.
The resulting value must be divided by the thickness of one row, and in this case 36 rows will be obtained. Multiplying the calculated number of bricks required to complete one row by the number of rows, you get 1152 bricks. The design of the furnace is one-third hollow, so 2/3 of the total number of bricks is calculated - and this is 768 bricks.
The next step, which allows you to find out how many bricks you need for a stove in a house, is to calculate the number of bricks for a chimney. In a standard square pipe, each row consists of 6 bricks - and for a 4-meter pipe, consisting of 57 rows, 342 bricks will be required. Here the calculation method is exactly the same as in the case of the main part of the furnace. Of course, this method is not suitable for determining the number of bricks in the case of round or rectangular chimneys.
When deciding how many bricks are needed per oven, it is necessary to take into account the number of bricks that will be spent on cutting. This amount directly depends on the design of the furnace, its location and wall thickness, if the furnace is built into it. For a single wall, the minimum cutting width is 25 cm, so a single cutting is laid out on each side of the oven. The total is 36 rows on both sides, or 144 bricks. If the stove is not adjacent to the wall, then cutting is needed only near the ceiling and roof elements. In this case, the number of bricks will vary from 30 to 50 pieces.
Furnace departments
Any stove, be it Russian, Dutch, Swedish or a bathhouse, consists of several main sections. For each of them, the material should be selected separately, since certain characteristics are important that are necessary specifically for a particular part of the focus.
Foundation
The first step is to build the foundation. Since the structure is usually located on the ground floor, the proximity of the ground must be taken into account. Therefore, as the first layer, a concrete slab is usually laid, and below the floor level, and a layer of waterproofing is applied on it.
Thus, we get a layer that will withstand the mass of our future structure, and also will not allow moisture and cold that come from the soil to affect it. On top of the waterproofing layer, continuous brick rows are usually laid, there can be from two to four.
This is the second part of our foundation. For it, as a rule, clinker material is used. This is due to the fact that it has a very high strength, it is not afraid of loads, so such a base can easily withstand the weight of the entire stove.
Firebox
Another design department that raises the most questions about the selection of material is the firebox. This is the place where firewood is laid and where a fire is made. The bricks in the firebox are directly exposed to the flame for a long time, and this happens over many years. Therefore, they are subject to appropriate requirements.
As a rule, fireclay blocks are used to lay out the firebox. They have the highest fire resistance of all possible options, so they calmly perform their functions throughout the entire life of the hearth.
In principle, the entire structure can be folded from fireclay. But this is very expensive. In addition, the firebox lined with cream-colored fireclay blocks looks very advantageous surrounded by red brick blocks, so this solution is optimal in terms of not only functionality, but also design.
Chimney and pipe
The chimney does not come into direct contact with the fire and does not carry a particularly high load. However, it also has certain requirements.
Firstly, from the inside it is affected by aggressive chemicals released during combustion.
They adversely affect the condition of the building material from which the inside of the chimney is lined, therefore, special attention should be paid to the stability of these bricks in various destructive factors.
Secondly, the part of the chimney that is located above the surface of the roof of the house - that is, the pipe - is also subject to attacks from the external environment. Rain and snow, frost, wind, sudden changes in air temperature - all this largely undermines brick blocks.
Experienced craftsmen recommend using two different materials for this section of the furnace. Clinker, as the most resistant to aggressive chemicals, is used for laying out the inner layer. And outside, an ordinary ceramic brick is perfect, which perfectly tolerates the effects of the external environment. not in vain, because many different structures are being built from it, including residential buildings.
We make calculations of the furnace hole
The stove, the laying of which will be done by hand, must have the most accurate and detailed calculations of each structural element. To do this, first of all, we determine the overall dimensions of the furnace.
For example, if the room has an area of 30 square meters, and the ceiling height is from 3 to 3.5 meters, then the fuel compartment will have a size of 0.6 square meters. For a space of 20 squares, this parameter will be 0.4 or 52x77 centimeters. If the living room or bedroom has an area of 10 squares, the firebox will be 0.2 squares or 36x45 centimeters.
It is equally important to take into account and correctly calculate such indicators as the height and depth of the fuel compartment. The depth of the fuel compartment will vary from one second to two thirds of the height of the frame
If this aspect is not observed, certain difficulties and malfunctions in the operation of this heating equipment may occur. If the selected depth is insufficient, the room may periodically smoke. If the depth is greater than the maximum value, this will negatively affect such an indicator as heat transfer.
To calculate the dimensions of the chimney, it is necessary to take the dimensions of the furnace opening as a basis.The chimney system should have an area that will be 10 times smaller than the firebox. For a brick chimney, there are certain standards that are 140 by 140 or 140 by 270 millimeters. For stainless steel pipes, the hole diameter will average about 11 centimeters. In this case, the total total height of the chimney system will be about five meters.
It is equally important to determine the dimensions of the entire furnace. In this case, the size of the brick used for laying is taken as the basis (65x120x250 millimeters)
Also, when calculating, you should add such a parameter as the thickness of the seams. From this we conclude that one row will have a height of about 70-80 millimeters. The rear partition of the fireplace may not be assembled from a whole, but 1/2 brick: 125 millimeters. The sidewalls should consist of solid elements: 250 millimeters.
The ordering of the furnace plays a key role and is the key to successful do-it-yourself construction work. Having made a drawing, you can first take into account all the nuances and subtleties of the building, if necessary, make all the appropriate adjustments.
The laying of fireplaces, performed by a beginner, should resemble a ready-made scheme. However, even in this case, the material consumption may differ. When buying, take bricks and building mixtures with a small margin!
Furnaces for the home can have a different consumption of materials, which is directly related to their variety and the way they are located in the interior. For example, on a corner fireplace with dimensions of a meter per meter, it will take about 210 units of standard and 120 refractory bricks. For a wall hearth measuring 650 by 1150 millimeters, you will need 260 units of red and 120 heat-resistant bricks.
A fireplace, the dimensions of which are certain, will be guaranteed to meet your wishes, if you make sure that the calculations are correct. To do this, even experienced professionals initially lay several rows dry, that is, without masonry mortar.
Height adjustment
To adjust the height of the heater, special bolts are used, which are installed on its legs, or with the help of support stands. To set the required distance from the bottom of the firebox of a brick structure to the floor, lay several rows of bricks.
Basic requirements before placing the combustion chamber in height:
it is necessary to ensure a distance to the floor of 300-400 mm;
if there is a niche for firewood under the firebox, this distance may be greater;
when calculating the placement of the bottom of the combustion chamber, please note that you need to take into account the design of the floor with all its components. Think about this when planning your heating system. Calculating the dimensions of the fireplace
Calculation of the dimensions of the fireplace
Correct definition of parameters
A corner fireplace, the dimensions of which have already been calculated, can be made of any materials and have a certain lining of the hearth. Before making a choice, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the following selection rules:
Criterias of choice
Detailed description
Decorative hearths
The dimensions of the corner fireplace largely depend on the type of hearth chosen for installation and the fuel used for its operation.
If you are looking for an exclusively decorative solution or a firebox that will serve as an additional source of heating for a house or apartment, we recommend that you pay attention to fireplaces that work with bioethanol, electricity.
Effective foci
Installation instructions for the finished model are always included in the basic package. The most effective foci that can become the main source of heating in the premises are gas and classic wood-burning structures.
If the installation of a gas boiler is possible both in a private and in an apartment building, then wood-burning furnaces require a mandatory chimney, which is possible only in your own home.
It should be noted that the installation of such installations is more complex, costly and lengthy.
Budget materials
The selected finish, materials for the manufacture of the hearth and portal also play an important role.
The most inexpensive and budgetary coatings are drywall, metal profiles, ceramic tiles, decorative plaster.
Due to their low cost, the design of portals, hearths or such cladding provide less high efficiency and efficiency.
Expensive coatings
The price of materials, coatings that form and give the furnace an additional heat capacity, efficiency, heat transfer is quite high.
This category includes tiles, natural minerals, cast iron, steel
Distinctive features of materials are practicality, durability, fire resistance, easy maintenance and environmental friendliness.
Video How to choose the optimal dimensions of the fireplace
WITH
Howling your own fireplace is a dream for many, but its implementation requires high-quality preparation and a thorough implementation. Installing a fireplace on your own is not recommended for smaller rooms, as living in such a place can be quite dangerous. But if you want to make a small hearth in a room with an area of \u200b\u200bmore than 20 squares, then this can be done.
Brickwork is considered the most optimal material for creating fireplaces, but there is a simpler solution to this issue - an electric fireplace, which can perform not only decorative, but also practical functions. However, for a suburban building, this option will be more expensive and not practical.
First you need to calculate the area of the fuel portal. For the most part, it is no more than 2 percent of the area of \u200b\u200bthe room in which the fireplace is installed. If the area is 15%, then the size of the portal will be approximately 0.3 "square".
Next, you need to calculate the size of the fireplace.
Elements of a brick fireplace
:A - the width of the portal; B is the height of the portal; B is the depth of the firebox; 1 - chimney; 2 - fireplace board; 3 - portal; 4 - firebox; 5 - fireplace step; 6 - floor; 7 - under the fireplace;
The best ratio of height to width is two to three. The fireplace will be approximately 0.7x04, depending on what parameters the room has, whether you want to get a square-shaped fireplace or create a more elongated shape. Regarding the depth, it should not be very large or not very small. With a room size of 15 "squares", the best solution would be a depth of 20-30 centimeters. More specific figures can be obtained only with information about the length and width of the room. In order for the heat not to leave the building completely, the chimney should be made approximately ten times smaller regarding the portal area. Among other things, the hole is advised to be round.
Fireplace Size Chart
can build a quality corner fireplace that will work and look beautiful. But how does a beginner get all the work done? on one's own
? In this article, I decided to touch on the important points that stove-makers face when building corner fireplaces.
This is the source of heat that we expect, even if the fireplace was built for purely aesthetic purposes. And before building a fireplace, the first thing we do is calculate all the necessary parameters of the fireplace: its size, depth, chimney height, cross-section of the smoke channel opening, firebox power, etc.
It is a mistake to assume that if the fireplace is decorative, then you can take any. The fireplace burns out oxygen, and, for example, taking a powerful fireplace for a small room, you can get problems with the fireplace and constantly open windows. The size of the hole for the chimney, its height and the material of the firebox and fireplace lining, the location of the fireplace and other points play a role.
Decorative fireplace dimensions
The dimensions for which the corner fireplace is determined according to the area of \u200b\u200bthe room for decorative installations can also be determined based on the following tips and recommendations:
The room selected for the installation and installation of the structure must have suitable dimensions. As a rule, the dimensions of the oven should not exceed one twenty-fifth of the living room;
- Since a real flame does not burn in the hearth of false fireplaces and the structure does not heat up, it is quite possible to make it not only an addition and decoration to the interior, but also add a certain functionality. To do this, equip the frame with various racks, countertops or shelves on which you can place books, accessories and other necessary, useful little things;
- If you want to install a purchased electric or bio firebox in a decorative portal, all calculations are made according to the existing installation dimensions. If the portal is purchased, you can find its installation dimensions in the instruction manual that came with the purchase. For home-made frames, all measurements are made by hand, in this case it is quite difficult to choose a hearth that is suitable in size and it is quite possible to make it only on order.
You can also view photos of corner fireplaces in various interiors in this article.
How to calculate the dimensions of the combustion chamber
- To calculate such a parameter as width, you will need to add up the width of the firebox itself and its side parts, as well as fold the frame consoles;
- To calculate the height, the height of the firewood, mantelpieces and other decorative elements is added;
Foundation laying and preparation
If we talk about individual models, special attention should be paid to the Elba firebox. Such an insert is installed in a do-it-yourself or store-bought portal
The range of hearths is welded from high-quality thick-walled stainless steel. The branch pipe is made of cast iron, and the front part is complemented by a large transparent tempered glass, which has the property of self-cleaning.
The compartment in which fuel combustion occurs is assembled from fireclay refractory bricks. This, in turn, increases such parameters and indicators as heat transfer and design efficiency. The service life of such fireboxes due to high-quality materials is quite long, and the use is simple and comfortable. Depending on your wishes, you can choose a hearth of a certain size, shape, with a corner or classic wall location in the interior of the house.
This video looks at laying a simple brick fireplace with your own hands in five days:
Most owners of private houses dream of installing a stylish, romantic and cozy piece of furniture - a fireplace, the dimensions of which largely depend on what function it will perform - heating or decorative.
Live fire is fraught with not only beauty, but also a high probability of a fire, so a careful calculation must precede the laying of a fireplace.
or rustic unpretentiousness against the background of modest charm
The etymology of the word "rustic" speaks of the most characteristic features of this style - deliberate "uncouthness", "roughness", stylization for a rustic interior (in another way, this style is called country). The desire of our forefathers to bring an element of aesthetics into the arrangement of their primitive dwelling gave rise to this architectural direction, which subsequently began to develop so widely and comprehensively.
The country style is characterized by natural details, components and materials, emphatically “rough” processing and an open hearth shape. The most suitable materials are: shell rock, sandstone, tuff stone, etc.
Peculiarities
The structural features of a classic fireplace suggest that air access is provided to the firebox through the fireplace window. Experts have calculated that the optimal speed of the traction force for a heater of any size should be less than 0.25 m / s.In practice, it is difficult to measure the thrust speed. Until the fireplace is kindled, its presence can be determined by the fluctuations in the flame of a lit paper sheet. The user of the fireplace can be convinced of the sufficiency of the traction force only in practice.
Its presence or absence is also influenced by such external parameters as:
- indoor and outdoor temperatures;
- chimney condition;
- type, volume and dryness of fuel.
The main condition for the health of the fireplace is to comply with the basic parameters, their ratios in the design of the heating unit. The optimal parameters of the heating structure will allow organizing high-performance operation of the device. An ideal result can be achieved if the basic requirements are followed.
In order to avoid violations in the device, the fireplace must comply with the following tasks:
- provide warmth;
- remove smoke from the room;
- ensure the correct amount of air in the combustion chamber.
The standardization of dimensions mentioned above does not lead to the same appearance of all devices. Among all the parameters of the device, there are those that really affect its performance.
Certain dimensions must be embodied in projects exactly. These include:
- linear dimensions of the furnace hole;
- chimney dimensions;
- distance from the floor to the first edge of the window;
- location of the tooth
- parameters of the pipe width in the area of the tooth.
Other parameters do not affect the operation of the device, but only determine the difference between the devices. The dimensions of the portal are often associated with the dimensions of the furnace. They are associated with certain location parameters.
There is no absolute value:
the dimensions of the device are closely related to the volume of the heated room. When implementing your own project, try using the table below. It specifies the conditions for the normal operation of the device. Masters use similar tables.
The data presented in the table is formed from certain values. Always the starting point for calculating the creation of a fireplace is the area of the room. In accordance with this value, the size of the fireplace furnace window is determined. To do this, the area of \u200b\u200bthe room is divided by 50. Next, the dimensions of the furnace are determined by calculating the ratio of width and height. Calculations are expressed as a fractional value of 2/3.
With a deepened furnace, the gas output rate increases.
This is bad, since you can’t wait for heat in the room with this outcome. With a shallow furnace, good traction power will not be achieved. Combustion products will begin to flow into the room. The depth of the furnace must be associated with the height of the windows. Two-thirds of the value of the latter are proportional sizes verified over the years.
To make it clearer, let's give an example of the design indicators of a fireplace for a living room of 28 square meters. meters. To begin with, 28 must be divided by 50, we get 0.56. These are the parameters of the furnace window. The area of the furnace hole will be 0.61x0.92 \u003d 0.5612 square meters. m., the depth of the fuel chamber is (610x2) / 3 = 406.7 mm. The calculated indicator can be rounded up: you get a fuel chamber with a depth of 40 cm.
In addition to the firebox, a standard fireplace includes a ventilation duct (chimney).
The dimensions of the openings of the ventilation ducts are usually 1/8, 1/15 of the dimensions of the furnace box. This takes into account the length of the chimney channel. The allowed height is 10 meters. In this case, the design should not be too low. The most optimal height of the chimney structure is 4-5 m. The device is usually supplemented with knee bends.
The required height of the chimney is reached by a specially laid out foundation. Often the pedestal is not connected with the foundation of the house. For the fireplace, it also serves as a safety platform. Therefore, it is often made protruding beyond the hearth by several centimeters.
The fuel chamber is placed on a pedestal made of non-combustible materials
, whose height can be from 30 to 40 cm.An increase in the height of the pedestal is allowed by the design features of the chimney. In some cases, a place under the pedestal is organized for storing firewood. Calculations of the position of the firebox, as well as the pedestal itself, include the features of the flooring material.
Features of masonry fireplace
Before starting the construction of such a useful invention as a fireplace, the dimensions of which were determined by us earlier, waterproofing should be provided. This will require roofing material laid in 2 layers. Masonry should start from the corners. In this case, you need to constantly monitor the level. To give the structure an original look, you can lay the bottom row on the edge, and all subsequent ones - flat. Outer solid rows require the use of a trowel or trowel. The smoke collector or firebox should be done manually, as this helps to detect small pebbles in the solution.
It is important to remember that when building a smoke box and a firebox, the fireplace stove requires removing excess solution with a damp cloth. We must not forget that the inner wall is not exposed to plastering
The seam must be thin, otherwise it can quickly crack. Modern fireplaces need ligation of seams for half a brick in each row.
The lining of the firebox and the outer wall should not be connected, otherwise, due to frequent temperature changes, masonry damage may occur.
Other Important Fireplace Dimensions
If your fireplace is installed on a separate foundation, some requirements must be observed when pouring it:
- The concrete base should be 5-10 cm larger than the fireplace area on each side;
- The foundation of the fireplace cannot be rigidly fastened to the foundation of the house, it must be at least 10 cm away from it, and after the concrete has hardened, this distance must be covered with a sand cushion;
- The height of the foundation should be lower than the level of the finished floor by 2 rows of masonry, that is, by 15 cm. Before starting the construction of the fireplace, the foundation is waterproofed with roofing felt in two layers and the base is laid out of brick according to the scheme of the first two rows of ordering on cement mortar.
It is also necessary to observe fire-prevention distances of 25 cm from the pipe to floor beams and walls, and to secure combustible structures near the walls of the fireplace itself with thick foil.
It is equally important to correctly design the area of the smoke opening and the height of the chimney in order to ensure good draft and eliminate smoke in the room. The area of the smoke hole should be within 1:10…1:15 of the furnace area
For example, the area of one brick is 0.03 square meters, which corresponds to the area of \u200b\u200bthe firebox 0.3-0.45 square meters. The height of the straight part of the chimney should be such as to provide stable draft - usually it is done in the range of 3-5 meters. If the height of the pipe at your fireplace is greater, you need to provide elbows with bends, otherwise the draft will be too strong and the firewood will burn out instantly. The height of the pipe above the roof level depends on its location relative to the ridge, it must correspond to the scheme.
02.08.2017
8669
Pechnik (Moscow)
First of all, electric fireplaces are designed to create a cozy and comfortable atmosphere in a house or apartment. The dimensions of electric fireplaces are one of the most important criteria that must be taken into account when choosing.
The quality of placement of the model in the interior of the room allotted for its installation and placement directly depends on how correctly the dimensions of electric fireplaces are chosen. In this article, you can get acquainted in detail with the choice of dimensions of models and view the best photos of the selection.
