How to spell ball or ball how to correctly

How to understand that the ball is broken

You can understand that you need to check the ball joint by one of four main signs:

the appearance of a knock coming from the front wheels while driving over bumps, especially at high speed;
car wobbling from side to side when driving straight on the road;
ball creaks when turning the steering wheel in one direction or the other;
the front tires have uneven wear, in particular, the wheel where the problem ball is installed wears out more, and the wear itself is greater on the inner surface of the tire.

If at least one of the listed signs appears, it is recommended to check the vehicle suspension elements, including ball joints. And it is advisable to do this as early as possible in order, firstly, to save on repairs, and secondly, to protect yourself and passengers while driving, since a faulty ball joint carries a potential threat.

Ball valve design

The main details of such a plumbing device are:

unscrewed part of the body;
rubber stem seals;
rotary lever;
screw made of galvanized steel;
swivel ball made of chrome-plated brass;
teflon sealant of the ball part;
stock.

The simplest in design are household ball valves designed for cold water. Coupling types are able to withstand a rather large load, so they are used for hot water. These products have a lot in common, only the shape of the crane can be different, depending on their purpose. The flow of water in varieties of ball valves is carried out through the hole, and it is blocked by turning the lever 90 degrees.

Features of ball valves

Today, ball valves are considered the most reliable and common type used to adjust the water supply. This explains their widespread use. They are also used in oil pipelines, gas pipelines and water pipelines for various purposes. Due to their versatility, they are gradually replacing types of valves such as cylindrical and conical, as well as wedge gate valves.

The base of the ball valve consists of a rotating element with a rotation of 90 degrees, and the ball itself acts as a fitting that cuts off the flow of water. If you turn the handle, the working mechanism will move. Accordingly, the hole will also shift, as a result, the water supply stops. Such a device has found application in mixers for supplying hot and cold water, as well as in the heating system of multi-storey buildings.

Modern ball valves provide reliable performance for many years, especially if they are branded products. Thanks to the emergence of new technologies, modern materials and alloys, ball devices, combining simplicity and reliability, have become the most popular.

How to check a ball joint without a lift

Next, we will consider in order the algorithm for searching for wear of various types of ball joints, although the methods for checking them are often similar in many respects, respectively, they can be used for different types of ball joints.

How to check the top ball joint on a car

To check the health of the upper multi-link ball joint, you must follow the following algorithm (it will make it possible to check the backlash):

The machine must be placed on a level surface and set to the handbrake.
Have an assistant sit in the driver's seat and depress the brake pedal. Instead of an assistant, you can fix the brake pedal with the help of improvised means (a heavy object resting on the mount pedal). Fixing the brake eliminates the possible occurrence of backlash in the wheel bearing, if any.
Grasp the upper part of the wheel with your hands and rock it in the direction perpendicular to the movement of the machine, that is, away from you / towards you.

Checking the top ball

If there is play in the upper hinge on the support, then during the described check it will be clearly felt. Also, clicks or squeaks coming from the ball joint may be heard. However, such a check is often suitable only in case of significant wear; at the initial stage, such an algorithm may not give a result.

Therefore, to check it is better to use a jack. The algorithm will be the same, but the difference will be that you need to swing not only the upper part of the wheel, but also the lower and side ones. In particular, you can grab the top of the wheel with one hand and the bottom with the other. Next, swing the wheel in a vertical plane. A similar test can be performed by grasping the left side of the wheel with one hand and the right side with the other. In this case, it is necessary to swing the wheel in a horizontal plane. If there is play and "unhealthy" creaking sounds, then it is necessary to replace the support with a new one. A cat such simple actions will help to check the ball joints without removing and without a lift.

Purpose

A water tap is a small shut-off mechanism that performs extremely important functions. The standard sample performs a rather trivial, but at the same time absolutely necessary task for the functioning of the pipeline - it controls the movement of the carrier inside the pipes.

There are situations when the pipeline must be partially or completely blocked, cut off one or more branches from the water supply. There are many reasons for this, ranging from the banal breakdown of plumbing fixtures, and ending with major destruction in the system.

In any case, a breakdown threatens to flood the house or apartment, so it is better to immediately turn off the water supply in order to protect yourself.

You can also turn off the water at the entrance to the main, but then you completely cut yourself off from the water supply for the duration of the repair (which, to be realistic, can be delayed).

That is why any more or less decent length pipeline is divided into logically understandable sectors or branches, isolating each segment with the help of these same cranes. This approach is better and safer than the standard assembly, although a bit more expensive.

One single turn of the faucet handle completely shuts off the water supply in a particular area. If desired, a water tap can be installed not only on individual branches, but in general at the entrances to any plumbing unit.

Pipeline faucet with American connection

In this case, a breakdown, for example, in a water folding mechanism or at the inlet to a water heater is easily and simply eliminated. It is enough to turn the tap and the device is ready for further repair.

Note that different types of water taps are used not only to isolate the branches of water supply systems. There are other appointments as well. For example, the modernization of the heating system, when taps are placed at the entrances to radiators or to the underfloor heating system. in order to be able to quickly remove or replace the device in the future.

An equally popular option is a tee or distributor. acting as a turnout valve, that is, redirecting the flow of water from branch to branch.

Don't forget about the faucet. The best way to visualize how a faucet works is by looking at your bathroom sink. Every bathroom has a faucet or faucet. and only thanks to him can you comfortably enjoy the benefits of civilization.

General principle of operation and design

There are different types of taps for plumbing, but they all have common design elements. In any case, the crane consists of:

body or general body;
locking element;
pens;
seals.

It does not matter whether we are considering valves, a tee with a tap, a tap or any other of its varieties. In any case, they will not do without the four elements described above, although most likely, these elements will differ from each other.

The body of the crane depends on what specific task it is engaged in.A conventional coupling sample is, in fact, built into the body of the coupling itself. An angle valve has an angle body, because its task is to form corner connections, for example, at the entrances to heating radiators.

Components of a valve with a locking element in the form of a valve

The tee has a different body. The tee consists of a branched coupling, which is obvious. Water folding solutions can be built-in or special. Their body differences are much more significant.

The locking element in the tap is the main part. It is with his help that it is possible to stop the flow of water. In civil cranes, ball mechanisms or gate valves are used as locking elements.

The handle at the crane is ordinary and necessary for control. If a ball valve is considered. then in it the handle can be in only two positions: closed, open. In gate valves, instead of a handle, a valve is mounted, and the mechanism is controlled by its spiral rotation.

As for the seals, not a single working mechanism in plumbing can do without them. Rubber gaskets are used as seals. In taps, the transitions between the locking element and the body are sealed.

What are ball valves by type of passage

Full bore ball valve

Ball valve
- this is a valve, in which the declared diameter of the conditional passage is always greater than the actual hole in the ball. For example, a standard passage crane DN100 has a conditional passage diameter of 100mm, and a real passage in the ball is 80mm. The main advantage of standard bore valves is their lower price compared to full bore valves.

Many will ask - why did the standard passage model appear and is so popular? (more than 90% of all ball valves are standard bore). The answer is pretty interesting.

Due to the design of the valve, when a small hydraulic resistance of the working medium is achieved when passing through the ball, the capacity of a standard bore valve is sometimes even greater than that of valves and gate valves of the same diameter, and since ball valves have become widespread since 2000, they are without any problems, they replace similar fittings without loss of pressure and flow of the medium. ATTENTION!!!
If you are buying a ball valve and the invoice or delivery note does not state that it is a full port valve, keep in mind that you are buying a standard port valve.

Ball valve design

It is impossible to choose high-quality fittings without understanding its design, especially since the device of a ball valve is very simple. The body of the product is made of special tap brass (LS 59-1 brand or foreign CW 617 N) by hot stamping from two blanks. The latter are made by casting, and then pressed together. The case is then machined and nickel-plated.

Inside the case there is a ball of polished stainless steel, it has a channel for water flow. As sealing elements and at the same time as plain bearings, saddles and washers made of fluoroplastic (as an option - made of Teflon) are used. Attached to the ball is a rotating rod that extends outward through a hole with an O-ring. A handle in the form of a lever or "butterfly" is installed at the end of the rod. The diagram below shows a cross section of a ball valve:

The body of the product according to the type of connection is made in two versions: coupling and flange. Coupling design assumes the presence of external or internal pipe threads for interfacing with other elements of the system. In the second case, the valve body is equipped with flanges that are bolted to the counterpart. Flanged fittings are always more expensive than threaded fittings.

Many mistakenly believe that valves are made on flanges when their diameter is too large to be screwed along the thread. In fact, high-pressure valves are supplied with flanges, since such an interface is more reliable than a threaded one.In this case, the through diameter of the product can be small.

Which ball valves are the best

So, in a store or in the market, you were offered several ball valves to choose from. Do not rush to buy what is more expensive, because a high price does not always indicate the quality of the goods. The best ball valve can be selected according to the following characteristics:

Manufacturing material. Modern faucets are most often made of brass. However, you may come across a fake from silumin. It is cheap and usually of poor quality. It is an order of magnitude lighter than brass, so a fake is most often determined by weight.
Appearance

When buying, be sure to pay attention to the locking element. Quality ball shines and looks smooth

At the same time, a fake often has a dull sheen, fairly noticeable defects and an even matte finish. However, even if outwardly the crane looks decent, this does not mean that it is the best. Take an ordinary magnet and check the faucet. Often the ball is made of steel, which quickly rusts in a humid environment. The magnet will tell you exactly what material you are dealing with.
Maximum allowable pressure . The best ball valve is a valve with a high allowable pressure. For cold water, this figure is 10 kg / cm 2, for hot - from 20 kg / cm 2. However, experts always advise buying valves with a large allowable pressure. This will help to avoid problems that often occur with strong water hammer.

Ball Joint Test Methods

There are 3 main methods that allow the car owner to check the condition of the ball car himself. The first and easiest is without removing the wheels or even jacking up the car. The second - using a jack (you need to hang the wheels one by one). The third is using a lift. This method is available, though only in service stations, but such a diagnostic method gives the most accurate answer to the question about the state of the car's ball joint. Also, the verification methods differ depending on what type the ball belongs to - single-lever or multi-lever. So let's consider in more detail the serviceability of a ball without a lift, focusing only on knock, play and the degree of wear by how the ball dangles in the body.

Types of ball joints

The choice of test method depends on the type of ball joints used in the vehicle. As stated above, they are of two types, in particular:

Single lever or MacPherson type. The design is made in such a way that in the upper part the wheel and its hub are supported on the rack, and at the same time, they rest on the lever from below, with which the ball bearing is in contact. This design is used in most conventional budget cars and the test of this type of device is most often described.
Multi-link. Here, the design assumes the presence of two levers - upper and lower, to which the steering knuckle is attached. In accordance with the fact that there are two levers, there are two hinges, one on each side.

Checking a new ball joint

Many new car parts, even from the factory, are not as high quality as a car enthusiast would like. This is especially true for budget parts from little-known Chinese and other brands. This is also true for new ball joints. Therefore, before buying a spare part, it makes sense to check its condition by visual inspection. By the way, such a check can also be performed if, for some reason, the car owner dismantled the problematic ball joint. As for repairs, modern ball joints are unrepairable, but old parts for Moskvich or VAZ-classics were often made with the possibility of replacing the polymer liner, that is, with the possibility of restoration.

The easiest method to test a removed or new ball joint is to turn the ball pin down.If at the same time the upper (when turning over, respectively, the lower) end of the finger under its own weight fell down (and even more so if it simply fell out of the seat), then such a ball joint is obviously faulty and must be replaced. Even if there is no big backlash in it yet, it is only a matter of time. Similarly, it makes sense to pull the ball pin from side to side on its seat. Not only should there be no backlash, but the movement itself should be with little effort!

Often on the market or in car dealerships you can find ball joints, the fingers of which go very tight. If the new ball is of high quality, then after shifting the finger to the side, it should continue to move easily and without much effort. If he still continues to move with difficulty, it is better to refuse to buy such a part, it is of poor quality.

Another sign of low-quality (mostly Chinese) ball bearings is that they have a grease fitting, or a place for it. The original high-quality supports of the grease gun should not have it (roughly speaking, it is believed that the grease gun is the last century). For reference - a grease gun is the old name for a grease fitting. The name comes from the word grease, as lubricating oils used to be called. Accordingly, the grease gun is a device for supplying lubricant.

Also, with a new ball joint, it is imperative to inspect the integrity of the anther. Not only should it not be damaged (even small cracks), but there should also be a plentiful amount of lubricant under it. Otherwise, it is better for the car owner to stuff the lubricant into the boot on his own before installing it on the car.

Conclusion

It is best to check the performance of the ball joint on the lift, however, it is quite possible to do it yourself using a jack and a mount. Also don't forget to check the boot. The main thing is to check in a timely manner in order to replace the ball joint at the stage when it does not yet threaten the safety of the driver and passengers when the car is moving!

Also often asked about checking the ball:

How to diagnose a ball valve malfunction on a Renault Logan?
What are the ways to check the ball joint on the Niva?
How to check a ball valve on a VAZ 2107?

Rent of a truck crane 100 tons Liebherr LTM 1100

The self-propelled crane Liebherr model LTM 1100 is mounted on the basis of an all-terrain four-axle chassis with an 8x8x8 drive. This model is equipped with a 60-meter, seven-section telescopic boom with the ability to lift a load of 100 tons with an outreach of 3 meters from the axis of rotation. Additionally, the telescopic boom can be equipped with a 20-meter lattice jib, which allows to increase the size of the usable under-boom space. The main purpose of the crane is: the performance of loading and unloading operations, installation work with various structures, as well as the supply of various building materials to objects under construction.

Spb-Spec provides a service for renting a Liebherr truck crane with a lifting capacity of 100 tons, both in St. Petersburg and in the Leningrad region (Repino, Boksitogorsk, Kronstadt, Vyborg, Lomonosov, Volkhov, Sestroretsk, Ivangorod, Luga, Tikhvin, Pushkin, Gatchina, Pavlovsk, Kolpino, Strelna and others). If you have any questions, the company's managers will always help you get an answer.

Technical characteristics of Liebherr truck crane 100 tons
Crane model	LTM 1100
Carrying capacity, t	100
Total counterweight weight, t	28,2
Departure of an arrow from an axis of rotation, m	3-50
Boom length, m	11,5-60
Gooseneck length, m	20
Lifting height (with jib), m	11-59 (78)
Base Chassis	Liebherr
Wheel formula	8x8x8
Engine	Liebherr turbo-diesel
Engine power, kW (hp)	350 (476)
Transport speed, km/h	80
Weight in transport position, t	48
Overall dimensions in transport position, LxWxH, mm	13503x2750x4000

Name of equipment	Arrow length (goose)	Shift cost (7+1)	Cost with jib (7+1)
rent of truck crane 100 tons Liebherr LTM 1100	60 (20)	negotiable	negotiable

Rent of truck cranes | Truck cranes | Special equipment | Site map | Contacts

How to correctly ball or ball valve

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Production material

As for the material, you should pay attention to the two most commonly used options:

Brass

High resistance to mechanical stress
. Withstands any inaccurate treatment of himself, survives the most extreme situations.

High resistance to temperature changes
. Calmly withstands the pressure of hot water and does not deteriorate in the cold.
Ease of installation
. easy to assemble and dismantle.
No corrosive processes
. Most other metals cannot boast of this property.

Plastic

Polypropylene is a relatively new material, which, despite this, has already managed to take a strong position in the field of plumbing.

Plastic faucets boast the following advantages:

Low cost. Plastic products are always cheap, especially when compared with metal counterparts.
Small mass. Due to this, there is no pressure on the pipeline.
Reliability of joints. The installation of a plastic pipeline takes place using a special soldering iron, which guarantees complete tightness.Although it should be noted that there are also classic models with threaded connections.

How to spell ball or ball how to correctly

Neutrality to the aquatic environment - does not rust and does not change the taste of water.
Durability. Polypropylene decomposes no earlier than after 200 years.

But there are some difficulties that you need to be aware of when choosing valves from this material:

Weak resistance to mechanical stress. Plastic can crack under strong physical exertion.
Fear of high temperatures. Polypropylene begins to deform already at +95 degrees Celsius.

Therefore, depending on the conditions in which your plumbing will serve, choose which of the materials is more suitable.

Types of ball valves

The crane device described above and the principle of its operation are the same for all types of products. Varieties of ball valves arose as a result of adding various useful elements to the design that expand the functionality of the crane. The only exception is a three-way ball valve, in which the body has not 2 outlets, but three. This element does not just block the coolant, but redistributes its flows and can serve as a mixing unit.

All other functional elements that complement the design of the crane are given in the list:

fitting for draining water;
connection with a union nut (American);
Mayevsky crane (needle valve);
mesh filter;
various types of actuators for stem rotation.

When you need to empty one branch of the heating system, a radiator or a boiler circuit, it is best to provide a tap with a fitting in the circuit. Thanks to him, for repair or other work, you do not have to drain water from the entire system. This is also very convenient when you need to remove the battery for flushing. It is enough to shut off the coolant and unscrew the plug of the fitting, substituting a container of the required capacity under it. The figure below shows a ball valve with an American woman and a drain connection:

It should be noted that the term "ball valve with a fitting" also refers to a conventional valve with the possibility of attaching a watering hose.

To remove air plugs from problem areas of the network, a needle valve for the heating system is used in the scheme. This is the well-known Mayevsky valve for manual air release, combined with a ball valve. This is not to say that this product is often used, but in some cases it is simply irreplaceable. For example, when air locks occur on horizontal pipelines laid at the highest points of the system.

When in complex heating schemes it is required to automate the operation of shut-off valves, they use a product such as an electric ball valve. Its task is, at the command of the electronic control unit, to open or close the fluid flow, or direct it in a different way. In such cranes, a platform for mounting a drive designed to rotate a stem with a ball is structurally provided.

In mixing units, where it is necessary to ensure the separation or combination of flows in the required proportions, three-way valves with a servo drive are installed. Their difference from electric mechanisms is that the device can slowly turn the stem and stop at the required position at the command of the controller or thermostat. Then the streams partially overlap, merging into one at the exit.

Now that we have figured out what this or that type of ball valve is intended for, we can begin to choose it. It should be remembered that this type of fitting is not used to regulate the amount of water, but only performs locking functions. The exception is devices with servo drives. It is better to make a specific choice of a crane, knowing the operating parameters of the coolant. If there is no such information, then it is enough to know that fittings in a coupling version with a working pressure of up to 10 Bar and a temperature of up to 120 ºС are quite sufficient for systems of private houses.

If we are talking about centralized networks, then for heating it is better to use ball valves with a working pressure of up to 16 bar and above. With the selection of fittings for central heating, you need to be more careful and provide for a decent pressure margin. The reason is unpredictable parameter jumps due to water hammer.

Separately, we will give a warning about fakes, with which all plumbing markets are filled. A cheap Chinese faucet is made of silumin, it is very fragile and often cannot even withstand a tightening with a wrench. In addition, the material is subject to electrochemical corrosion, which destroys it in a couple of years. At the same time, it became very difficult to recognize a fake. The only recommendation on this topic: buy fittings from trusted people or trusted stores, even if you choose a small faucet for heating radiators.

Conclusion

When choosing a ball valve, it is worth abandoning a cheap product - this is the first thing. Second: do not neglect the products of domestic manufacturers, which are a little more expensive, but are made of brass. At the same time, do not forget to compare the technical characteristics of the proposed valves with the parameters of the coolant.

The water supply system must be equipped with special shut-off valves. This allows you to regulate the movement of water through the pipes and isolate emergency or to be replaced areas.This raises a fair question, which taps are best for plumbing in an apartment? We will try to answer it in this article.

How to spell ball or ball how to correctly

How to understand that the ball is broken

Ball valve design

Features of ball valves

How to check a ball joint without a lift

How to check the top ball joint on a car

Purpose

General principle of operation and design

What are ball valves by type of passage

Ball valve design

Which ball valves are the best

Ball Joint Test Methods

Types of ball joints

Checking a new ball joint

Conclusion

Rent of a truck crane 100 tons Liebherr LTM 1100

How to correctly ball or ball valve

Production material

Brass

Plastic

Other interesting questions and answers

Is it possible to keep the ball valve in an intermediate, not completely closed position?

How to write correctly: ball valve or ball valve?

Types of ball valves

Conclusion