How to use a submersible drainage pump
Now it’s worth disassembling how a submersible pump (drainage pump) is used, because buying it is half the battle
In order for the mechanism to serve you for quite a long time, you need to take into account all the rules for its use.
For the most part, submersible pumps are not in constant use. Periodically, they are lowered into the container and soon removed again.
Nevertheless, stationary drainage pumps are also common in basements. They are mounted in special wells, which are located at the lowest point of the room. When water accumulates in the basement, all of it flows into the well and as soon as the liquid level in it rises to a certain level, the float rises and the pump turns on.
Special safety ropes are used to immerse the pump in the tank. In no case should you hold it by the wire or hose. They are not designed for such a load and can simply become unusable.
Before continuous use, especially in deep containers, it is best to check the operation of the pump in advance. To do this, it is immersed in a tank with fairly clean water and turned on. The water supply is directed again to this tank. Thus, the pump must run for at least an hour.
During this time, marriages and shortcomings of the manufacturer will become visible. If you do not carry out such a check and lower the pump immediately into a container where it will need to pump out liquid with impurities, it can instantly become unusable, and you will not notice it.
How to choose a submersible drainage pump
When purchasing a drainage pump, you should not take the most expensive and versatile models. To save money, it is best to study the scope of its application and choose according to the loads that it will have to face in your particular case.
For the most part, submersible drainage pumps with and without a built-in float are selected based on the environment, and not on the technical characteristics of the device itself.
Before going to the store, you need to evaluate the conditions for using the equipment. Even despite the power of the device, it is best not to use it where sand, stones and other large debris will constantly pass through the mechanism. Therefore, such devices are not suitable for draining water bodies at all, even despite their quality and versatility.
If it is necessary to use a drainage pump when flooding basements, a device with a single-channel impeller is perfect. In construction, pumps with a grinding mechanism are needed.
Next, the pump power is calculated, it can be determined by the length of the hose that enters the mechanism. It is not even necessary to look into the technical specifications, where a bunch of terms that are incomprehensible to a simple layman are given.
Please note that when pumping water in a vertical direction, much more power is required than in a horizontal plane. If you are using a pump to drain a well or other pit, the length of the hose should be 5 times the depth of the tank
If the pump will be needed periodically, for example, with a constant increase in the water level, it is best to select models equipped with a float. The operation of such a pump does not need to be monitored at all. When the optimum liquid level is reached, it will turn off on its own.
Sources
- http://aqua-guru.ru/nasos/drenazhnyj-nasos-dlya-poliva.html
- https://kanalizaciyadoma.com/drenazh/kak-rabotaet-drenazhnyy-nasos-dlya-chego-nuzhen-i-printsip-ego-raboty.html
- http://fb.ru/article/221333/samostoyatelnaya-ustanovka-drenajnogo-nasosa
- http://aqua-guru.ru/nasos/pogruzhnoj-nasos-v-kolodce.html
- https://kolodec.guru/kolodci/chasti/nasosi/324-ustanovka-nasosa-v-kolodec
- http://kanalizaciya.tv/drenazh/117-pogruzhnoy-drenazhnyy-nasos-kak-vybrat-vidy-i-cena.html
- http://ByreniePro.ru/nasosy/ustanovka-v-kolodets.html
- http://montagtrub.ru/na-kakuyu-glubinu-opuskat-nasos-v-skvazhinu-polnyiy-tsikl-ot-opredeleniya-glubinyi-do-podklyucheniya/
Drain pump installation
Drainage models for wells are distinguished not only by ease of installation, but also during operation.However, in order not to know the problems when using them, it is necessary to strictly follow the following rules during installation:
experts advise after unpacking the drainage pumping unit to check its completeness, and then carefully read the instructions for the model you purchased
Particular attention should be paid to the limitations of the equipment;
a pressure line must be attached to the pressure pipe. For fixing, use the connecting elements included in the kit;
if the model you purchased is equipped with a float switch and the pump will be used for stationary use, then in this case it is necessary to install a pressure line on the check valve;
if the device to be used for the well is equipped with a three-phase motor, then in this case it is worth checking the correct direction of rotation
The drain pump must be installed on a level surface. It is turned on and then immediately turned off. In this case, you must immediately notice in which direction the shaft rotates;
if the direction of rotation of the shaft is clockwise, then this indicates that the device was connected correctly;
if the shaft of the apparatus rotates in the opposite direction, then in this case it is necessary to swap the phases.
When the pump piping is connected, the following is used to check that the instrument rotates correctly:
- the unit is connected to the network, and then the feed is measured;
- after disconnecting the pump from the network, you need to change the phase, and then repeat the first paragraph again;
- they compare the supply power, after which they decide which option for connecting the phases is correct.
Equipment must be installed in a vertical position. In this case, the discharge pipe must be directed upwards. After that, the pump should be lowered to the bottom of the structure.
Types of drainage pumps
Devices for pumping water are divided into two main categories: submersible and surface. Fecal pumps can be semi-submersible - the choice depends on the expected operating conditions.
Submersible pumps ↑
The equipment is placed in water before use. Depending on the object, the pump is placed on the bottom (reservoir, pit). If a well or well is being cleaned, the mechanism is placed in a "suspended state", raised above the bottom by 0.5-1 m.
Devices differ in the principle of operation:
- centrifugal pumps are equipped with an impeller and vanes. During rotation, pressure is created in the peripheral part of the wheel, as a result, the liquid continuously flows into the pump;
- vibration pumps pump water due to the oscillatory movements of the fluid, and pressure is created using tubing. The direction of water flow is controlled by a valve system.
Both types of pumps are reliable, but in some cases the use of vibration models is not recommended. Constant fluctuations cause the movement of the soil at the bottom of the well or borehole. Large insoluble particles do not pass through the filter, they settle on the bottom, which leads to silting.
Advantages:
- there is no need for installation;
- noiselessness;
- small dimensions;
- high performance;
- automated control system and float protection;
- use of a drainage pump for irrigation.
Flaws:
- limited level of water rise - no more than 20 m;
- equipment must be brought to the surface for maintenance.
Surface pumps ↑
The equipment is installed next to the cleaning object. Only a hose of the appropriate length is lowered into the water.
Advantages:
- ease of installation and dismantling;
- the equipment does not fit into the water, which leads to safer operation;
- float protection and automatic operation;
- ease of use.
Flaws:
- loud noise during operation;
- designed to work only with shallow objects and will not be suitable for a well.
The principle of operation of the drainage pump
How does a sump pump work? The principle of operation of this device directly depends on its purpose: the drainage pump must drain water from the building into a tank that is designed to store liquid. The pumps themselves are most often installed directly in the area where pumping water is required.
How to use the drainage pump and at the same time use its full potential? In order for the pump to work as efficiently as possible, the pumped liquid must contain a minimum content of solid particles, and their size must not exceed the allowable values.
It is very important to take into account the temperature of the water: the design of the drainage pump does not provide for operation with high temperatures, since the engine of the devices is cooled due to the release of thermal energy into the liquid. Most manufacturers in the instructions for the equipment indicate a maximum temperature of 50 degrees Celsius.
Of course, there are more serious pump models that can work in more difficult conditions, but these devices have a rather narrow specialization, so you should not focus on them.
2 Features to consider when choosing a pump
When choosing a deep electric pump, you should pay attention to its technical characteristics.
to the menu
2.1 Performance
The performance of the device is the volume of water in liters that it pumps per unit of time.
The required capacity of the machine depends on the water consumption. Water consumption is equal to the needs of residents in water. It is determined by adding the fluid flow from all consumers, for example, a bathtub, a washbasin, a washing machine, a toilet bowl, etc.
It is believed that for 1 person the rate of water consumption from a simple water pipe is 95 l / day. Using the bathroom increases the consumption to 150 liters, and the water heater - up to 190 liters. A shower increases consumption to 250 liters, an autonomous heating system - up to 360 liters / day, or 15 liters / hour.
However, these indicators do not show the real flow of fluid, because plumbing fixtures do not work all at the same time.
For the device, it is only important to provide water to all points of consumption during peak hours, when residents want to cook food, wash dishes, take a bath, water the garden.
to the menu
2.2 Head
The required pressure of the submersible apparatus is affected by the depth of the well, the surface of the water, the remoteness of the well from the house. To calculate this indicator, there is a formula:
H tr \u003d H geo + H losses + H free, where
- - H tr - pump pressure;
- - Н geo - difference between the depth of the source and the highest point in the pipeline;
- - H losses - the amount of pressure loss due to fluid friction in the pipeline. When calculating it, corner elements, tees, pipe material are taken into account.
- - H free - free pressure, necessary for the normal use of plumbing.
to the menu
2.3 Power
The pressure also depends on the power of the mechanism. This characteristic indicates the amount of work produced by the device per unit of time. The more power, the higher the pressure created by the engine and the more liquid the pump pumps out. However, a well pump that is too powerful can also create problems. With excessively high pressure, it is inconvenient to use water. And when pumping out an excessive volume of liquid, the device will often turn off, which will affect its service life.
Arrangement of water supply from a well using a pumping station
to the menu
2.4 Other characteristics
Most models of pumps are small in size, which allows them to be used for both wells and wells.
The efficiency of the device is also an important characteristic.
to the menu
Working conditions
Despite the fact that drainage pumps easily cope with pumping sewage, their technical characteristics are limited by the degree of contamination of the liquid.
It is important that this parameter does not exceed the allowed values.
A high content of sand, large stones, dirt, silt may adversely affect the operation of this device. That is, the installation of a drainage pump in the basement can be provided to eliminate flooding, but if it is necessary to drain the reservoir, a solid platform with a flat surface is placed under the bottom of the unit. If the front of the work is a construction site, then the best option would be a powerful fecal pump with a grinding mechanism.
Step-by-step instruction
- First of all, it is necessary to find a pressure pipe at the pumping unit, to which a pipeline is connected, through which wastewater will be pumped out. At the junction, the clamp is carefully tightened with a screwdriver or pliers.
- Most models are equipped with a float switch. If it is present in the model you have chosen, then a check valve should be installed on the connected pressure hose, which will prevent water from flowing back into the tank.
- Immediately before installation, you need to check the operation of the unit. Carefully study the instructions for it, manufacturer's recommendations and certificates. Another important point is to determine the direction of the shaft. To do this, a household drainage pump is installed on a table or on the floor and connected to the network. If the movement is to the right, then the equipment is working correctly.
- The pump unit must only be installed in a vertical position. Make sure that the pressure hose is also directed vertically. Its end is sent to the container, where the liquid will subsequently be pumped.
- And finally, the pump sinks to the bottom of the tank and is connected to the mains.
Selection of pumping equipment for permanent and temporary use
Owners who plan to install a pump in a country well with their own hands must determine how the equipment will be operated: during the summer season only or all year round. For occasional short-term use, you can choose budget models of surface, submersible or semi-submersible devices. If you need to provide water to a residential building, you should prefer silent deep equipment.
Surface pumps are mobile, easy to install
There are several types of equipment, both submersible (installed directly under water) and surface (mounted on the ground surface) type. Depending on the purpose of the devices, 3 groups can be distinguished:
- Borehole and well pumps for clean water.
- Drainage equipment: devices that can be used in a dirty environment, for pumping liquid after floods, cleaning drainage systems.
- Fecal pumps. They are used in septic tanks, cesspools, sewer tanks.
Fecal pump with float chamber
Drinking water supplies are designed for use in a clean environment with a small amount of fine particles. The presence of a small amount of sand in the water is allowed - up to 200 g per cubic meter of pumped liquid.
The drainage pump, which can be installed both in a sewer well and in a basement flooded with floods, copes with dirty water: medium and large particles with a diameter of up to 12 - 15 mm are allowed. Used for regular drainage of drainage systems. Fecal devices are used in a contaminated liquid environment without large solid particles.
The performance of the equipment depends on the principle of operation. Produced pumps:
- vibration type.
- Centrifugal.
- Vortex.
Centrifugal submersible pumps are ideal for organizing a reliable water supply system. The equipment works almost silently, only clicks of the relay are heard, which controls the operation of the engine of the device.Such pumps are installed in deep productive wells and wells.
When choosing equipment, you need to pay attention to the dimensions. The pump must always be completely submerged under water, the minimum distance to the bottom is 1 m, and at least 1 - 1.5 m to the surface of the water
Equipment for wells is produced with a shortened body
The pump is equipped with a check valve and a float protection system. Usually 2 cameras are connected: one controls the lower level, the second controls the distance from the top of the pump to the water surface. Select the device after calculating the required power. It is necessary to accurately predict the flow of water. The number of draw-off points is summed up, multiplied by the average consumption of each tap. In addition, the required pressure is calculated - the height of the water column that the pump must produce. To the depth from which the water is taken, add the height of the extreme points of the water draw. Another 20 - 30% is added, depending on the length of the pipeline, based on the calculation: every 10 meters of a horizontal pipe is 1 m of head.
In most cases, to organize uninterrupted water supply for a single-family house, medium-sized equipment with a capacity of up to 2 - 4 cubic meters / hour and a column height (pressure) of up to 40 - 60 m is sufficient. After determining the parameters and choosing a pump model, they plan how to lay pipes and fix well pump.
Vibrating pumps are an inexpensive analogue of full-fledged submersible devices. The main advantage is low price and versatility of application. The principle of operation is simple: the suction of water through the inlet occurs after the rod is raised due to the transmission of an electromagnetic pulse. The equipment is suitable for single use and organization of seasonal irrigation systems. It is allowed to use in contaminated water for pumping it out.
Pumps of this type are not used for arranging a permanent water supply due to poor performance and unreliability.
Where are sump pumps used?
Stocks ↑
In a special group, fecal pumps are used for cleaning drain pits, domestic sewer installations or country septic tanks. The design does not contain a filter that does not allow solid particles to pass through. The pump is designed to handle liquids and soft solids only.
The body of the device is made of durable materials that are not susceptible to aggressive environments, carefully sealed. For ease of operation, the device is equipped with a special float. Depending on its position, the pump is automatically pumped out or stopped.
Pumping water ↑
Even reliable waterproofing is not always able to withstand the water element. Often, groundwater or flood waters reach basements and basements. Able to deliver trouble and heavy rainfall.
It is worth being on the alert for property owners in lowland areas, near rivers, lakes, other bodies of water, swamps. Water can come into the house suddenly, and you need to meet it with a prepared drainage pump.
Even low-power equipment of 160 W is capable of pumping almost 5 cubic meters in one hour of operation. m of water and thereby save from a communal disaster and costly repairs.
Cleaning water tanks ↑
A modern personal or summer cottage often includes a water body:
- artificial or natural pond, lake;
- swimming pool;
- well;
- well;
- irrigation pit.
Any of them periodically needs to be cleaned with drainage equipment. Lack of systematic care will lead to siltation of the bottom, deterioration of water quality.
It is not uncommon for a pond to turn into a small swamp due to the formation of a cushion of sediments, and water flows out of a well filled with sand and clay.
In some situations, a pump is needed to pump out groundwater that threatens to flood the site.
4 Pump replacement
Replacing the pump in the well is necessary in the following cases:
- rupture of the fastening cable;
- incorrect selection of equipment (power or performance does not meet the requirements);
- cable pulling;
- wedging mechanisms;
- water leak.
to the menu
4.1 Workflow
Replacing the pump in the well takes place in several stages. First, turn off the device from the power supply. Unscrew the fasteners and slowly remove the previously installed pump.
The next step is to install new hardware. How to fix the pump in the well is described above. The device is fixed on the pipe, the cable is connected, the wires are soldered, the coupling is installed and the pump is lowered into the well.
Home page » Pumps
Who should do the installation
As you can see, the installation of pumping equipment is not so difficult. In order to do everything quickly and correctly, 2-3 people are enough. However, situations are different. And if it is not possible to do everything on your own (or you simply doubt your abilities), you can invite professionals.
If you hire people who will install a submersible pump in a well, the price for the work can be very different. In many ways, it depends on the depth of the well and its remoteness from the house.
Conclusion
Installing pumping equipment for a well is not such a difficult task. The main thing is to try to strictly follow the instructions.
In addition, before starting work, carefully read the recommendations of the device manufacturer regarding its location and connection.
Watch the video explaining the technology of work.
Preparatory stage pipeline laying
At this stage, you will need tools for earthworks, pipes of the desired diameter, connectors for plastic pipes, or a welding machine if the pipeline is metal.
Earthworks - trench preparation
When designing a water supply for installing a pipeline, it is better to choose a site where the pipes will be laid in a straight line, without bends and turns. This is desirable for several reasons:
- there will be less work;
- a straight pipeline will provide a higher pressure in the system;
- during installation, fewer connections will be obtained, which means that the risk of leaks will decrease.
First you need to dig a trench with a depth below the freezing level of the soil (about 1-1.5 m) and a width of about 0.5 m. The bottom of the finished trench is cleaned of foreign objects. After that, they are covered with a layer of sand with a thickness of 10 to 20 cm. The sand cushion is covered with a layer of geotextile fabric. After laying the plumbing, they will need to wrap the pipes.
How to lay plumbing correctly
There are two types of pipes that are suitable for plumbing: metal and polymer. From metal, it is better to give preference to stainless steel, and from polymer, plastic or polypropylene is most often chosen. Sometimes a garden hose is connected to the pump, but this option is only suitable for organizing a temporary summer water supply.
Pipes are laid along the trench and connected. It is desirable to insulate the finished long water pipe. To do this, it is wrapped with a heat insulator and placed either in asbestos or in a large-diameter sewer pipe. This design guarantees the resistance of the water supply to external influences. She is placed in a trench.
The wall of the well is punched to enter the water supply pipe. A sleeve is inserted into the hole, fixed with concrete, sealed. After that, a layer of bituminous mastic is applied for waterproofing. The end of the water pipe is inserted into the sleeve by 25 cm, a tap is placed on it in case of emergency draining of water. It remains only to measure the distance from the tap to the pump and prepare a pipe of the same length.
Installation of a submersible pump in the casing
Submersible models are lowered into the shafts of wells on galvanized or nylon cables. It is not recommended to use steel, because. they quickly fall into disrepair.To secure the cable, you need a strong steel frame. It is welded from a corner and installed on the head of the well. Drill a small hole in the frame. Through it, then it will be necessary to stretch and secure the cable.
The pump itself is placed at the end of the pipe, and the cable along it. If the model is without a check valve, it is placed on the outlet. A coupling is attached to the valve, and a pipe is attached to it. An electrical cable placed along the pipe is firmly attached to it. To do this, use clamps or electrical tape
It is important that the wire is firmly fixed, but not stretched.
How to lower a pump string into a well
The device, together with the pipe, cable and cable, is lowered into the casing. This work is best done together with an assistant. You can hold the device only by the cable, in no case by the electric wire. When the pump string is lowered to the required depth, the cable is passed through a hole drilled in the steel frame and fixed. It remains to connect the pipe to the tee. To do this, you will have to tie yourself with a safety rope and descend into the mine yourself. Santehpasta is suitable for connection.
After installing the pump, you need to bring the electrical cable into the trench and bring it into the house along with the water pipe through the previously made hole in the foundation. The pipeline itself is covered with a geotextile, covered with sand, then with soil. It remains to install a hydraulic tank, additional equipment, and make internal wiring in the house.
