The device and principle of operation of centrifugal network pumps

1 Scope and characteristics

Characteristic features of network pumping devices are ease of installation and unpretentiousness in maintenance. Materials such as high-quality steel and gray cast iron, from which such equipment is made, contribute to an increase in the safety margin and durability of the pump. The technical characteristics of network pumps allow them to work with mostly clean water, which should not contain solid parts with a diameter of more than 0.2 mm, as well as more than 5 mg/l of mechanical impurities.

Most often, network pumping devices are used to create water circulation in heating networks, as well as to service a boiler (heating) network installation. Such units are manufactured both with one gear and in a 2-stage version. The drive operates due to electric power units (motors). They look like horizontal pumps.

The units also include in their device:

case with a horizontal connector;
impeller with double-sided water inlet;
bearings, shaft and end seals;
chambers for end seals and flanges for mounting bearings installed in the housing;
rolling bearings that serve as a support for the rotor;
roller or ball bearing for drive;
bearing for radial axis.

The average water supply of devices for boiler rooms is 450-500 cubic meters per hour, the pressure is in the region of 50-70 m, and such a parameter as inlet pressure varies within 16 kilograms per square centimeter. Pumps, the purpose of which is to circulate hot water in small heating systems, have lower power and performance indicators, but they also cost an order of magnitude cheaper.

The scope of network products is not limited to heating systems, in particular, boiler rooms. This equipment is successfully used for supplying fuel and lubricants to bases, warehouses and industrial enterprises, for pumping reagents into water treatment plants, as well as in water treatment systems designed to pump water into water supply systems when the pressure level in the pipes drops. At the same time, the use of such equipment is also found in the cleaning of tanks, as well as storage facilities for a substance such as fuel oil.

How to choose a circulation pump for heating

To select equipment with the most suitable parameters, it is necessary to use certain formulas
. However, only experts know which formulas should be used in each specific case. And if the device is picked up by an unknowing person, then you should use the following recommendations:

Circulation pump marking
. For example, equipment Grundfos UPS 25-50, where the first two digits indicate the thread diameter of the nuts - 25 millimeters (1 inch), which are supplied with the device. There are also pumps with 32 millimeter (1.25 in) nut diameters. The second two digits are the maximum height of the coolant in the heating system - 5 meters, that is, with the help of a circulation pump, an excess pressure of not more than 0.5 atmospheres can be created. There are also pumps in which the lifting height is 3, 4, 6 and 8 meters.
Unit performance
. It is the main parameter that determines the operation of the unit. Represented by the volume of coolant pumped by the pump. The formula is used to calculate:
- Q=N:(t2-t1),
- where N is the power of the heat source. It can be a boiler or a geyser;
- t 1 - shows the temperature of the water that is in the return pipeline. As a rule, it equals + 65-70 0 C;
- t 2 - shows the temperature of the water that is in the supply pipe (leaves the boiler or geyser). Often the boiler supports + 90-95 0 С.
- The calculation of the heating system and its losses is carried out in order to correctly select the design parameters of the unit that is able to cope with the resistance in the heating system.
Lifting level of the heating system
. Shows the maximum pressure that the heating system is capable of. This is the total value of hydraulic resistance in the heating system. When calculating the hydraulic resistance, the number of storeys of a heated building with a closed heating system is not taken into account. In this case the average value is taken - 2-4 meters of water column. In low-rise buildings with a traditional heating system, this figure is identical.
The building's energy requirement. This is another parameter that should be considered when choosing a circulation pump, albeit indirectly. This indicator is indicated in the passport of the building during its design. If these values are missing, they can be calculated. Each country has its own heat standards per square meter. According to European standards, 100 W is required for heating 1 square meter of a one- or two-family building, and 70 W for an apartment building. The Russian standard is presented in SNiP 2.04.05-91.
Electricity consumption
. Any heating circulation pump has three positions for connecting to the electrical network. All information about the consumption of electric current by the pump is contained in the plate on the unit body (load parameters). Each position of the switch corresponds to a new pump capacity, that is, the amount of coolant per hour pumped by the device through the heating system. The third position of the switch shows the maximum performance of this unit, and the maximum current consumption of the pump is indicated on the plate on the pump housing.

Mass-produced equipment has average characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account the individuality of each heating system.

Note!
A suitable pump should be selected taking into account the possibility of the unit operating in several modes, while its power should exceed the design power by 5-10 percent

How to use the thermal scheme of the boiler room

The thermal diagram helps to monitor the status and functioning. Due to flue gases, the appearance of corrosion of metal coatings of low-temperature or sulfuric acid is not excluded. And so that it does not appear, you should control the temperature of the water. It is noteworthy that at the entrance to the boiler, the optimum temperature will be 60-70 degrees.

And in order to be able to raise the temperature to the desired values, a recirculation pump is installed. Hot water boilers need to be monitored so that their service life is decent, control the constancy of water consumption. Typically, the minimum data for this indicator is set by the manufacturer.

For boilers to work well, vacuum deaerators must be used. Typically, a water jet ejector will create a vacuum, and the released steam is used for deaeration. But, the main thing that they are afraid of when installing a boiler room is a constant binding to a place. Modern automation simplifies many processes.

Features of connecting pumping equipment

If a forced circulation system is used to service the house, then when the power is turned off, the boiler pump must continue to work, receiving energy from a spare source. In this regard, it is best to equip the heating system with a UPS, which will support the operation of the structure for several more hours. External batteries connected to it will help extend the life of the backup source.

When connecting the pump, it is necessary to avoid the possibility of condensate and moisture entering the terminals.If the coolant is heated to more than 90 °C, then a heat-resistant cable is used for connection. It will also be necessary to avoid contact of the walls of the pipes and the power cable with the motor and pump housing. The power cable is connected to the terminal box on the right or left side with a change in the location of the plug. In the case of a side-mounted terminal box, the cable must only be routed from the underside. A prerequisite is that the ground must be connected to the pump.

Mains pumps are often used in boiler rooms. Such products perform the function of pumping hot water in the heat network system. The temperature of the network water, which the installed unit is able to drive through the pipes, reaches +180 degrees.

At the same time, the device and design of network pumps are relatively simple, and at the same time, the devices show a high level of performance along with reliability.

Feed pump for steam boiler device device

Each pump for a heating boiler performs its tasks in a closed-type heating system. The main element of such a pump is the rotor, on which the efficiency of the unit directly depends. When the pump is running, the rotor rotates inside the stator, which is fixedly mounted on a solid base. Some models are equipped with a ceramic stator, which protects the rotor from limestone.
The edges of the rotor are equipped with blades, the rotation of which pushes the coolant further through the pipes. Most boiler pumps are equipped with a single rotor, but there are models with several working elements.
The rotor is driven by an electric motor. The motors of most models of pumps are characterized by high power and long service life. All elements of the pump are placed in a durable housing made of aluminum or stainless steel.

Rules for installing pumps for the boiler

Any equipment, whether it is a unit for a heating system, or a pump for flushing boilers, must be installed strictly in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. One of the most important conditions is to choose the right location for the device. The pump shaft must be positioned strictly horizontally. Otherwise, air pockets form inside the system, due to which the bearings and other elements of the unit will remain without lubrication. The result of this will be the rapid wear of the parts of the device.

Another important condition is the correct choice of a place for inserting the pump. The unit must force the liquid to move through the pipeline

The standard installation scheme of the device is shown in the image below.

The main elements in the diagram are shown in this order:

boiler;
coupling connection;
valves;
alarm system;
pump;
filter;
membrane type tank;
heating radiators;
liquid feed line;
Control block;
temperature sensor;
emergency sensor;
grounding.

This scheme ensures the most efficient operation of the pump and heating system. At the same time, the energy consumption of each individual element of the system is minimized.

Classification

All pumps are divided into two types:

Dry rotor pump

The working part of the rotor has no direct contact with water due to the protection of several sealing wheels. These parts are made of coal agglomerate, stainless steel or ceramic, aluminum oxide - it all depends on the type of coolant used.

The launch of the device is carried out due to the movement of the rings in relation to each other. The surfaces of the parts are perfectly polished, in contact with each other, they create a thin layer of water film. As a result, a sealing connection is created. With the help of springs, the rings are pressed against each other, due to which, as they wear, the parts are independently adjusted to each other.

The period of operation of the rings is approximately three years, which is much longer than the operation of the stuffing box, which needs periodic lubrication and cooling. The efficiency index is 80 percent. The main distinguishing feature of the unit is its high noise level, as a result of which a separate room is required for its installation.

Glandless pump

The working part of the rotor - the impeller - is immersed in the coolant, which simultaneously acts as both a lubricant and an engine cooler. With the help of a sealed stainless steel cup installed between the stator and the rotor, the electrical part of the motor is protected from moisture.

Typically for rotor production applied ceramics
, for bearings - graphite or ceramics, for the body - cast iron, brass or bronze. The main feature of the unit is low noise level, long period of use without maintenance, easy and simple adjustments and repairs.

The efficiency index is 50 percent. This is due to the fact that the sealing of the metal sleeve, which separates the heat carrier and the stator, if the rotor diameter is large, is impossible. However, for domestic needs, where the coolant is circulated in pipelines of short length, it is advisable to use such circulation pumps.

As part of a modular design
modern wet type device includes:

Frame;
Electric motor with stator;
Box with terminal blocks;
Working wheel;
Cartridge consisting of a shaft with bearings and a rotor.

The modular assembly is convenient because at any time it is possible to replace the failed part of the circulation pump with a new part, and accumulated air is easily removed from the cartridge.

Grundfos make-up pumps develop a fairly high pressure

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Commissioning

Pumping technology has evolved quite a lot since its introduction into the national economy. At the moment, such devices are often equipped with all sorts of automation. Starting from dry-running protection, mechanical check valves that exclude the reverse flow of the pumped substance and ending with powerful electronic units that allow you to adjust the rotation speed by changing the frequency of the electric current, measure various characteristics in real time: temperature, current strength, flow rate, etc. .

These processes did not pass by Grundfos pumps for feeding the heating system and the boiler. These modern devices combine excellent quality with the latest achievements of science and technology. Despite, at first glance, an auxiliary function, these devices are capable of creating a sufficiently large pressure, which allows them to be used even during the initial filling of the system, or during a planned replacement of the coolant.

And for a more detailed acquaintance with the range, you can refer to the catalog of Grundfos make-up pumps, located on the website of the official representative of the manufacturer in our country, the One Service Center company.

Installation of a chiller and air conditioning system in a shopping center building on Kashirskoe shosse in Moscow

Employees of CJSC “United Service Center” carried out the installation of a chiller and related equipment in the shopping center building on Kashirskoye Highway.

Where to buy “Grundfos make-up pumps”?

Shipment of product “Grundfos make-up pumps”

– pickup at the address: Moscow, 127282, Polyarnaya street, 31A, building 1. (show map)

In other cities

The cost of delivery in the specified cities depends on the availability of goods in the local warehouse. For current availability, please call our office in your city:

We will be able to offer you the lowest possible price and short delivery times compared to competitors in your region.

The role of Grundfos make-up pumps in the heating system

For heating systems, the role of pumping technology is especially important. Firstly, many modern systems require forced circulation of the coolant in the circuit, and secondly, from time to time the system requires replenishment of the volume of the heat-carrying liquid. It is possible to create an absolutely sealed circuit, but this will not become a panacea, because after a certain period of time a partial or complete replacement of the coolant is required, depending on the technical conditions of the heating system. Also, do not forget about scheduled maintenance, during which the radiators and the circuit as a whole are flushed, which implies depressurization of the heating circuit. Therefore, regardless of the geographical location of the owner of the heating system (for example, in Lyubertsy), the Grundfos feed pump will come in handy.

Why do you need make-up pumping units?

The answer to this question covers many areas of industrial and domestic applications. We are talking about air conditioning, heating, ventilation and other engineering structures. And the introduction into various auxiliary and main production processes allows the use of Grundfos make-up pumps even for aggressive media and liquids. This will ensure the non-stop operation of the production line, such as CIP washing, which is an essential element in the food industry.

Various versions of the units allow their use under any environmental conditions: in a residential area, in a workshop, in a boiler room, in the open air. After all, the manufacturer has taken care of all possible ways to use this type of equipment. And even a Grundfos street pump has been developed, which is relevant in Korolev and Mytishche.

Now you only need to carefully select the model of the required booster pump, based on the specifications of your system.

Monoblock pump

Previously, pumping units mounted on a foundation or frame, consisting of a pump and a drive, were used as network pumps. Mechanical energy was transferred from the drive to the pump through a group of drive mechanisms. This was primarily due to the need to use powerful drives.

The modern range of pumping equipment allows the use of monoblock pumps as network pumps.
The use of monoblock pumps allows, first of all, to significantly save installation space.
This is especially evident when using monoblock pumps with a vertical shaft.
The use of modern pumping equipment in the modernization of existing boiler houses can reduce the required installation area by two or more times.

Buy network monoblock pump from Interpamps

Interpamps LLC offers reliable pumping equipment of the Etaline and Etaline-R series, with a capacity of up to 2000 cubic meters per hour, and a head of up to 100 meters of water column, designed for operating pressures up to 25 bar and temperatures from -30 to +140 degrees Celsius . Due to their design and operating parameters, Etaline pumps can be used as network pumps, both in stationary boiler houses and in block-modular ones. The nozzles located on the same axis in the Etaline pumps greatly simplify the piping of the pumps. Allowing, among other things, the installation of Etaline pumps directly into an existing pipeline without changing the latter.The high efficiency and robust design of the pumps can significantly reduce the cost of subsequent operation.

The central office of Interpamps LLC is located in Moscow, we offer our partners to buy high-quality pumping equipment at an affordable price. We select pumping equipment at the request of our partners free of charge and in the shortest possible time.

The circulation pump for the boiler of the heating system performs a rather important function - it is he who is responsible for the uninterrupted circulation of the coolant through pipes and radiators. The efficiency of the heating system and the comfort of living in a private house or apartment largely depend on the choice of the unit.

Monoblock pump

The modern range of pumping equipment allows the use of monoblock pumps as network pumps.
The use of monoblock pumps allows, first of all, to significantly save installation space.
This is especially evident when using monoblock pumps with a vertical shaft.
The use of modern pumping equipment in the modernization of existing boiler houses can reduce the required installation area by two or more times.

Buy network monoblock pump from Interpamps

Interpamps LLC offers reliable pumping equipment of the Etaline and Etaline-R series, with a capacity of up to 2000 cubic meters per hour, and a head of up to 100 meters of water column, designed for operating pressures up to 25 bar and temperatures from -30 to +140 degrees Celsius . Due to their design and operating parameters, Etaline pumps can be used as network pumps, both in stationary boiler houses and in block-modular ones. The nozzles located on the same axis in the Etaline pumps greatly simplify the piping of the pumps. Allowing, among other things, the installation of Etaline pumps directly into an existing pipeline without changing the latter. The high efficiency and robust design of the pumps can significantly reduce the cost of subsequent operation.

If the boiler room is designed correctly, then it will serve both heating systems, and ventilation, and the supply of hot and cold water. Independently, it can be said, no one designs communications. Focus on at least a typical plan. Its choice depends on the type of room to which it is intended.

The graphic drawing should reflect all mechanisms, devices, devices, as well as pipes connecting them. The standard schemes of the boiler house include both boilers and pumps (circulation, make-up, recirculation, network), and accumulator and condensate tanks. It also provides for fuel supply devices, its combustion, as well as devices for deaeration of water, heat exchangers, the same fans, heat shields, control panels.

Those heat networks that operate on water are divided into two groups:

Open (liquid is taken in local settings);
Closed (water returns to the boiler, giving off heat).

The most popular example of a circuit diagram is an example of an open type hot water boiler. The principle is that the circulation pump is installed on the return line, it is responsible for delivering water to the boiler, and then throughout the system. The supply and return lines will be connected by two types of jumpers - bypass and recirculation.

The technological scheme can be taken from any reliable sources, but it would be good to discuss it with specialists. He will advise you, tell you if it is suitable for your situation, explain the whole system of action

In any case, this is the most important design for a private house, so attention should be maximum.

What you need to know about it

First of all, it is desirable to study the device of the heating system, to understand the essence of its work. Let's start with the fact that heating begins with boiler rooms, where any fuel (gas, coal, firewood) is burned, and then the heat is transferred through pipes through the coolant. Heat carriers are of several types: air, steam and the most common - water. But water tends to freeze at low temperatures. Therefore, where necessary, antifreeze diluted with water is used in order to reduce the negative destructive effect on the pipeline. A calculation is made to help determine the correct ratio of water and antifreeze. With central heating, the coolant can be sent through a pumping system or through a conventional one.

The usual, or natural, system is very simple: the water heated in the boiler moves through one pipe, warming up the radiators, and then returns through the other to heat up again. There is also an expansion tank and air vents in this simple device. The latter are needed in order to eliminate air bubbles and various gases that may accumulate in the pipes. And excess moisture goes into the expansion tank, which appears when the water expands from heating.

A pump is characteristic of a closed heating system. It helps to disperse the water more than it moves in a conventional pumpless system. A pump is especially needed if the pipes are too narrow, and this prevents the coolant from circulating.

What pumps are used for boiler rooms

Network pumps for boiler rooms are most often centrifugal, equipped with an electric motor. By type, they can be divided into: condensate, network, make-up, intended for raw water. You can also find such a type of pumps as nutrient.

In boiler water supply systems, it is customary to install several devices at once with the same characteristics. The pumps are connected in parallel, while one of them is the main one, and the second is a backup and starts as needed when the first one fails. However, the operation of two devices at once is also possible. In this case, the water pressure in the pipes remains the same as during the operation of one installation, but the water supply increases, the level of which becomes equal to the sum of the supply of each of the devices.

Pumps for boiler rooms can have huge weight and dimensions.

For boiler rooms, the best option would be to install a centrifugal 1-stage pump of the KM type, a 1-stage D-type unit with 2-sided suction, or a multi-stage product of the TsNSG type. In addition, many professionals recommend installing condensate-type boiler installations in a KS-type boiler plant. In this case, the final choice depends on the specific requirements of the buyer, which, as a rule, are determined by the operating conditions of the future equipment.

Device selection and calculation of the required pressure

Pumps for boiler rooms are selected strictly based on the requirements of the heating system, or rather, from the required pressure. To understand what pressure is needed for the optimal operation of your system, you can refer to the formula created for this purpose.

The formula at first glance does not look the simplest, however, when studying each value, it will not be difficult to calculate the required pressure. The symbols in the formula, by which you can calculate the required pressure, mean:

Along with the pumps, pressure gauges, taps, filters are installed

H is the required head pressure in meters of water column;
Lsum is the total length of the circuits, taking into account the return and supply pipes. If you use a warm floor, you need to take into account the length of the pipes laid under the floor in the calculation;
Rud is the specific resistance level of the pipes of the system. Given the margin, they take 150 Pa per 1 running meter;
r is the total resistance value of the system pipeline;
Pt is the specific density of the heat carrier;
G is a constant, which is equal to 9.8 meters per square centimeter, or a unit of gravitational acceleration.

Often there is a difficulty in calculating the total resistance of system elements. However, in this case, it is possible to simplify the general formula by replacing the coefficient k, which is a correction factor, instead of this sum. So, the correction factor of the system in which any thermostats are installed will be equal to 1.7.

For a conventional system with standard fittings and taps that do not have elements for thermostatic adjustment, the correction factor is 1.3. The system, which has many branches and shut-off and control valves with high saturation, has this coefficient at the level of 2.2. The calculation according to the final formula, in the case of a correction factor, will look like this: H=(Lsum*Rsp*k)/(Pt*g).

After calculating according to this formula, you can understand what parameters and characteristics the pump that you want to purchase has. We emphasize that it is recommended to choose a pump for boiler rooms, the power of which will not exceed the pressure necessary to create the necessary pressure. Buying a pump with more power than needed to provide the desired pressure, you simply waste your money.

Automation and scheme of the boiler plant

Automation makes it possible to use a set of programs that control heat flows. It also depends on the mode of the day, on the weather. Including, this is also necessary for heating additional premises: a game room, a pool.

There are some popular custom features that adapt the operation of the equipment with an eye on the lifestyle of the owners of the house. This is both a conventional hot water supply system and a set of some individual options that are convenient for these particular residents and are economical. In the same way, you can develop a boiler room automation scheme by selecting one of the popular modes.