Specific characteristics
Regardless of the type, all 12 volt water pumps have certain features that should be considered when choosing and operating such equipment. So, the factory equipment of low-voltage electric pumps, as a rule, includes:
- a mechanical cleaning filter that protects the pump from getting into its internal part of solid particles larger than 0.5 mm contained in the pumped liquid medium;
- connecting fittings;
- impeller shaft made of stainless steel;
- wet rotor;
- elements of the hydraulic system made of bronze.
This is what the valve box of an automatic pump looks like when the cover is removed
When operating a 12 volt pump, the following recommendations should be strictly adhered to.
- The 12V pump must not be used to pump flammable liquids.
- After every 40 minutes of operation, the pump should be turned off for 5 minutes.
- The number of short-term inclusions of a 12-volt pump per hour should not exceed thirty.
Three basic rules can be distinguished, the observance of which will extend the service life of low-voltage pumping equipment and avoid its frequent breakdowns.
- The 12 volt pump must be equipped with an automatic thermal relay that protects the device from overheating. If there is no such relay in the factory, it should be purchased and connected to the equipment.
- When using equipment for pumping water from an underground source or reservoir, it is advisable to purchase float switches that automatically turn off the device when the level of the pumped liquid drops, preventing it from idling.
- It is very carefully necessary to ensure that the 12 volt pump does not work in the absence of liquid in the working chamber (that is, the so-called dry running must be excluded).
The water-cooled engine pump will work longer
The average technical and operational characteristics of 12 volt water pumps are as follows.
- The performance with which such devices pump water is in the range of 12–26 liters per minute.
- The created pressure of the liquid medium can be from 20 to 40 meters of water column.
- The ambient temperature at which 12 V electric pumps are allowed to operate can be between -10° and +40°.
- The temperature of the pumped liquid medium can vary from 10° to 80° (for circulating electric pumps serving heating systems - up to 120°).
- The mass of the low-voltage pump, depending on the model, can be in the range of 1.5–3.1 kg.
- Equipment of this type operates in normal mode even if it is connected to power networks characterized by a reduced voltage value.
- Even when operating at the maximum allowable speed, 12 volt water pumps practically do not vibrate and create a minimum amount of noise.
3 Do-it-yourself water pump for 12 volts
Self-made pressure plants have been used since the settled tribes thought about providing villages with water. For this, not only the knowledge and skills of the masters were used, but also the features of the landscape.
For example, if a fast flowing river flowed nearby, then the apparatus could be adapted so that it worked without the "use of electricity" on the principle of an American river pump. To do this, they took an iron or wooden pipe or a barrel without bottoms, approximately 50-55 cm wide (diameter) and 85-90 cm long. It should weigh no less than 17-18 kg.
Then two hoses were taken.
One was folded in even dense rings along the walls of the barrel from the inside, and a second hose with a diameter of about 1.5 cm was let out. A stream of water from such a design can reach 20-25 meters in height.
The main limitation of this model will be the rivulet itself - it should not be deeper than 30 cm at the place of the stream that enters the barrel, and the flow should not be slower than 1.5 meters per second. Otherwise, the pressure plant simply will not work.
Automotive 12 volt car pump
The second version of such a pump is from an electric motor from a VAZ-type car washer. To assemble the pump design, we need: a sealant for cars, a silicone tube, a cable, a soldering iron and a little time.
We remove the case and the engine cover, solder the contacts to which we solder our wire. Then we draw the wire through the cover, lubricate everything with an oil and petrol resistant automotive sealant, and put on a silicone tube. Now, to check, we supply a current of 12 volts and check the device for readiness.
If everything is done correctly, then the water pressure should satisfy you, but simply that design should inspire new experiments and achievements.
1 Specifics of using low-voltage pumps
A common feature for all pressure vessels of this type is ease of transportation, convenience and ease of use. Installation also does not require much knowledge and skills. The initial configuration of low-voltage pumps always includes:
- a filter with a particle diameter less than 0.5 mm;
- connecting fittings;
- stainless steel shaft;
- wet rotor;
- bronze hydraulics.
The main warnings according to the instructions are also about the same:
12 volt water pump
- it is forbidden to pump flammable liquids like gasoline through them;
- intermittent operation 40 minutes of work for 5 minutes of rest;
- maximum allowed up to 30 short-term switching on of the pump per hour;
- the maximum working height for lifting liquids (suction) is 1.5 meters.
And for all models of this type, there are only three basic rules:
- install a thermal sensor relay (may not be included in the initial package);
- install a dry-running float fuse;
- never run dry.
Average specifications:
- average liquid supply from 12 to 26 liters per minute;
- average pressure from 20 to 40 meters;
- can work at ambient temperature ranges from -10°C to + 40°C;
- temperatures of pumped substances can be from 10 °C to 80 °C;
- weight of devices from 1.5 to 3.1 kg;
- can be used for low voltage networks;
- even when operating at maximum speed (power), 12 volt pumps do not make noise or vibrate.
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