It is advantageous to create simple and complex ceiling structures using drywall sheets (GKL). The material has good technical characteristics and is relatively cheap. The easiest way is to make a single-level suspended ceiling. There is nothing complicated in this process, the main thing is to figure out how to fix drywall to the ceiling or, in other words, with the technology of mounting the frame and installing drywall sheets.
There are the following ways of fixing drywall:
- bonding to base surface;
- installation on a metal frame;
- mounting on wooden rails.
Fastening sheets to the ceiling with binders
Drywall can be glued to the ceiling and walls without a frame, which saves space. The base surface must first be prepared:
- First of all, peeled paint or plaster is removed.
- All irregularities are eliminated with putty after pretreatment with a primer.
- The surface must be degreased.
In the presence of significant differences and defects, the adhesive method is not suitable; in this case, a frame is used. Also, you can’t do without a crate when laying communications on the ceiling.
Drywall must not be glued to the following surfaces:
- wooden, since a tree can change dimensions;
- wet or painted with oil paint;
- on a smooth concrete surface (notches are first made on it).
Glue mounting
Drywall is glued to the ceiling on mastic - a reliable and inexpensive adhesive material. You can buy a special glue "Perlfix".
- A creamy adhesive is applied to the surface of the sheet with a spatula.
- Drywall is applied to the ceiling and pressed. Holders are used to create a tight connection.
Important! The sheets are staggered so that adjacent seams do not match.
- The horizontality of the sheet surface is checked by a level, if necessary, the position of the drywall is corrected with a rubberized hammer.
Near windows and doors, glue is applied to the entire surface of the sheet.
You can glue any drywall, for rooms with high humidity choose a moisture-resistant material. It is necessary to distinguish between ceiling and wall drywall: sheets for ceilings are thinner, they are lighter and more convenient to attach them.
Mounting on mounting foam and dowels
Foam can be glued sheets not only on the ceiling, but also on the walls. The surface is prepared in the same way as for glue, only it is not necessary to level the base surface, since an air gap remains between it and the sheets.
- The sheet is attached to the ceiling and through it holes are drilled in the surface for dowels in increments of 0.5 m.
- The sheet is removed, after which, at a distance of 10 cm from the holes, pieces of foam rubber of equal thickness are glued to it from the inside, and the expansion parts of the dowels are inserted into the ceiling holes.
- Then the sheet is again aligned along the holes with the base surface and attached to it with dowels. A washer is installed under the head of each screw.
- The position of the sheet is set using the level. Due to the foam pads, a gap is formed between it and the base.
- A hole with a diameter of 6 mm is drilled near each fastener in drywall and foam is pumped into it. Then, with the help of dowels and a rubberized hammer, the horizontal position of the sheet is adjusted.
- The next day, the washers are removed, and the screws are screwed back with the head sunk. The sheet attached to the foam will be additionally fixed with dowels.
Drywall frame fixing
Sheets are installed in several stages.
markup
It is performed as follows:
- The base surface contains the lowest point, which should be transferred to the wall in the nearest corner. The minimum distance from the ceiling to the metal profile is 25 mm - the value corresponding to its thickness.
- Stepping back from the mark on the wall 30 mm, you should make another mark and transfer it to all corners using the building level.
If spotlights will be mounted in the ceiling, the indentation of the frame from the base surface is done taking into account their height.
- With the help of a paint cord, horizontal lines are beaten off around the entire perimeter of the room. They will expose the lower level of the frame.
- Also, on the ceiling, the lines for the location of the suspensions are beaten off with the calculation of placing sheets 50 cm wide. The first mark is made from the wall at a distance of 30 cm.
Frame installation
Process installation of a frame for drywall on the ceiling will look like this:
- Along the marked horizontal line, a UD profile is screwed to the walls around the entire perimeter.
Dowels are selected depending on the density of the wall material (for concrete - 6 × 49 mm). To fasten the profile to the hangers, self-tapping screws for metal measuring 3.8 × 11 mm (“bugs”) are used.
- Along the lines on the ceiling, U-shaped suspensions are attached to the base surface. Installation is recommended not by the ears, but through the internal holes. Then the suspension will not be pulled down under the weight of drywall. Impact dowels should be used here, which hold better when there are voids in the ceilings. Suspensions are attached to the wooden ceiling with self-tapping screws.
- CD profiles are cut with metal shears or extended with connectors and then inserted into UD profiles with a small gap. They are placed along a horizontally stretched nylon thread and attached to suspensions.
- They require precise installation in increments of 50 cm so that the edges of the sheets are located exactly in the middle of the profiles.
- After mounting the frame, they make electrical wiring for lighting fixtures. The cable is laid in a corrugated pipe and attached to the ceiling with plastic clamps. The leads to each bulb should hang vertically. If necessary, embedded elements are made under the chandelier and large lamps to the lower level of the frame.
Installation of drywall sheets
Plasterboard sheets have a large weight and dimensions. You need an assistant to install them. But before attaching drywall to the ceiling, additional operations are necessary.
- If the sheets were cut to size, chamfers should be made in these places for further sealing the joints with putty.
- In addition, holes should be cut in the sheets for the lamps.
- When everything is ready, the material is applied to the profile, after which the self-tapping screws 25 mm long are screwed in increments of 30 cm. In order for the head to be flush, a nozzle is installed on the screwdriver.
Remains seal the seams, for which a sickle tape is glued on them and putty is applied.
Installation price
The average cost of professional installation of a single-level ceiling without putty and finishing in Moscow and St. Petersburg is 400-600 rubles / m2, a two-level ceiling of a simple form - 500-700 rubles / m2, a curved shape - 800-1000 rubles / m2.
Conclusion
The appearance, reliability and durability of the structure depend on how the drywall is fixed to the ceiling and how correctly the successive technological operations are performed.
